Cake
This type of federalism was common in the U.S. during the 1789-1933, where national and state governments had clearly defined separate powers.
What is dual federalism aka Dual Federalism?
Found in the Constitution, this gives states these types of powers
What is the 10th Amendment?
What is reserved powers?
(will also take police powers)
This 1819 case confirmed the supremacy of federal law over state law and upheld the constitutionality of the national bank.
What is McCulloch v. Maryland (1819)?
Grants that can only be used for a specific purpose, like building a new highway, are called?
A weakness of federalism is without standardized it can lead to _________, especially when thinking about education funding, voting rights, and welfare.
What is inequality/unequal services?
This type of federalism, which came to prominence between 1933-1980, is characterized by shared responsibilities between national and state governments.
What is cooperative federalism aka Marbel Cake federalism?
Article I Section 8 Clause 8 gives Congress this very flexible power to carry out it's expressed powers.
This is a great example of this type of power
What is the Necessary & Proper Clause (Elastic Clause)
What is Implied power?
In 1942, the Supreme Court ruled that a farmer growing wheat for his own use could still be regulated by Congress under the Commerce Clause. This case greatly expanded the size and scope of the federal government
What is Wickard v. Filburn (1942)
Grants given to states for general purposes with few restrictions are called?
What are block grants?
Federalism allows states to try out new policies before they are adopted nationally, a concept often called …
What are laboratories of democracy?
This type of federalism, often associated with Reagan, emphasized returning powers to the states?
What is "New Federalism"?
Found in Article VI of the Constitution, this gives the federal government an edge over state governments.
What is the Supremacy Clause?
This 1995 case limited Congress’s power under the Commerce Clause in relation to gun possession in schools.
What is US v. Lopez (1995)?
When the federal government requires states to do something, like the Americans with Disabilities Act, but does not provide funding, it is called?
What is an unfunded mandate?
In Federalist 39, James Madison argued that the proposed Constitution is neither purely national nor purely federal, but a combination. In his mind, this division of power helps prevent …
What is tyranny?
or "What are factions from taking over"?
This series of programs and reforms during the 1930s and under this President, greatly expanded the role of the federal government, marking a shift toward cooperative federalism.
What is the New Deal?
Who is FDR?
In the court case Obergefell v. Hodges (2015) limited the states’ ability to define marriage on their own. What part of the Constitution did the Court rely on in its decision?
This type of grant gives money to states based on specific factors like population size or poverty rates, rather than letting states compete for the funds.
What is a formula grant?
A strength of federalism is that it allows state governments to be ....
What is "closer to the hearts & minds of the people?"
During the 1980s, President Reagan promoted this idea, giving more power and discretion back to the states.
These powers are overlapping, shared powers between the states. Could you give an example as well?
What are "Concurrent Powers?"
"Make Laws, Tax, Courts,"
This Supreme Court Justice (and therefore his "court")made Gibbons v. Ogden (1824) a landmark case by ruling that only Congress could regulate interstate commerce.
Who is John Marshall? What is the Marshall Court?
This 2001 federal education law used federal funding and accountability requirements to influence state education policy, requiring standardized testing and reporting of school performance.
What was No Child Left Behind (NCLB)?
During Hurricane Katrina, delays and unclear responsibilities among local, state, and federal agencies highlighted this weakness of federalism.
What is confusion?