Federalism Concepts & Examples
This system divides power between the national and state governments.
Federalism
Powers given specifically to the national government are called these.
Enumerated or delegated powers
The power of courts to decide whether laws or executive actions are constitutional is called this.
Judicial review
The President can reject a bill from Congress. This is called this.
Veto
This amendment guarantees freedom of speech, religion, and the press.
1st Amendment
Powers kept by the states, like education and local government, are called this.
Reserved powers
Powers not listed in the Constitution but necessary to carry out duties are called this.
Implied powers
This 1803 case established the Supreme Court’s power of judicial review.
Marbury v. Madison
Congress can remove a President for crimes or misconduct through this process.
Impeachment
This amendment protects citizens from unreasonable searches and seizures.
4th Amendment
Powers shared by both state and national governments, like the power to tax, are called this.
Concurrent powers
Powers kept by the states are sometimes called this, named after a constitutional amendment.
Reserved powers (10th Amendment)
This case ruled that students could wear armbands to protest the Vietnam War, protecting free speech in schools.
Tinker v. Des Moines
The Supreme Court can stop Congress or the President if their actions violate the Constitution.
Judicial review of the legislative and executive branches
This amendment guarantees due process and equal protection under the law.
The 14th Amendment
This clause in the Constitution makes federal law the “supreme law of the land.”
What is the Supremacy Clause?
This principle means that the federal government cannot interfere in powers reserved for the states.
State sovereignty
This 1954 Supreme Court case ended racial segregation in public schools.
Brown v. Board of Education
The Senate must approve this Presidential action before it can happen
Treaties or appointments
This amendment protects the right to a fair and speedy trial by jury.
6th Amendment
This Supreme Court case said Maryland could not tax a national bank, reinforcing federal supremacy.
McCulloch v. Maryland
The Constitution allows both state and federal governments to exercise authority over citizens. This shared authority is called this.
Concurrent powers
In this case, police must inform suspects of their rights before questioning.
Miranda v. Arizona
Congress can override this action by the President with a two-thirds vote in both houses.
Veto
This amendment protects citizens from being forced to testify against themselves in criminal cases.
5th Amendment