Pulmonology 1
Common symptoms of bronchiectasis
Chronic productive cough, frequent respiratory infections
Systemic sclerosis variant associated with PAH
Limited cutaneous systemic sclerosis
Most common anterior mediastinal tumor
Thymoma
Diagnosis suggested by headache, nausea, disturbed sleep at altitude
Acute mountain sickness
Diagnosis suggested by respiratory distress, unilateral absent breath sounds, tracheal deviation
Tension pneumothorax
Initial test for cystic fibrosis
Sweat chloride
First-line therapy for PAH if tolerated
Endothelin-1 receptor antagonist plus PDE-5 inhibitor
Most common middle mediastinal mass
Lymphadenopathy
Medications for acute mountain sickness
Acetazolamide or dexamethasone
Emergency treatment for tension pneumothorax
Needle thoracostomy
Empiric antibiotic class for bronchiectasis exacerbation
Fluoroquinolone
Drug treatments for high-altitude pulmonary edema
Nifedipine, PDE-5 inhibitor
Most common posterior mediastinal mass
Neurogenic neoplasms
Spo2 level requiring supplemental O2 during air travel
<92%
Diagnosis suggested by nocturnal absence of respiratory effort, airflow
CSA
Bronchiectasis CT findings
Bronchial wall thickening, cysts, dilated airways without distal tapering
Treatment for high-altitude cerebral edema
Descent, dexamethasone, supplemental oxygen, hyperbaric oxygen therapy
Anterior mediastinal mass entities
Thymoma, teratoma, lymphoma, thyroid
Test to determine supplemental O2 needs during air travel
Hypoxia altitude simulation testing or 6-minute walk test
Conditions causing an elevation in Dlco
Pulmonary alveolar hemorrhage, left-to-right shunt, asthma
Pulmonary infections suggestive of bronchiectasis
Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Aspergillus, non-TB mycobacteria
Treatment for vasoreactive-positive PAH
CCB
First step in evaluating solid pulmonary nodule >8 mm
Estimate probability of malignancy
Possible complication during air travel in asthma or COPD
Pneumothorax
Nonmalignant asbestosis–related pulmonary and pleural disease manifestations
Pulmonary fibrosis, pleural effusion, pleural plaques