Geography
Name both of the rivers located in Mesopotamia.
Tigris and Euphrates
What writing system did the Sumerian Priest create?
Cuneiform
Name two cultural similiarities between Sumerians and Akkadians.
They both used of cuneiform and were polytheistic
How many social classes did the Sumerians have?
3 (upper, middle, and lower)
What type of metal did the Sumerians create by mixing copper and tin?
Bronze
What continents does the Fertile Crescent span through?
Africa and Asia
What were the two types of laws dictated in Hammurabi's Code?
Civil and Criminal
Under King Hammurabi, which empire became the new center of Mesopotamia?
Babylonian Empire
What revolution paved the way for civilizations to develop?
Agricultural Revolution
What was the name of Sumerian temples?
Ziggurats
Why was being located between two rivers both a boon and a challenge for Sumerian farmers?
The rivers carry rich soil down from the mountains which helps crops grow, but it also makes them vunerable to flooding.
_______ is an independent state that includes a city and its surrounding territory.
City-state
The phrase "eye for an eye" comes from what Babylonian artifact?
Hammurabi's Code
What type of religion did the Sumerians practice?
Polytheism
How did the Sumerians supply water to their crops?
Irrigation
Name two early forms of non-verbal communication.
Petroglyphs and Pictographs
What caused Sumerian city-states to be weakened and led to their destruction?
Inner-fighting between Sumerian city-state rulers and/or rebellions
What two "time" advancements did the Sumerians create that are still used today?
12-month calendar and dividing time into 60 seconds and 60 minutes
Name one of the technological advancements that made trading long-distances easier.
Wheels (for carts) or sails (for boats)
While Sumer had rich soil that made growing food easier, what natural resource did Sumerians lack and have to trade for?
Wood or lumber
A state that contains several countries or territories is called ___________.
An empire
Who led the Akkadian army to conquer much of Mesopotamia, creating the first empire?
Sargon
Name and describe three of the 8 Features of Civilization.
Cities, Government, Religion, Job Specialization, Social Classes, Public Works, Art and Arch, or Writing
What types of things were documented in cuneiform?
Laws and keeping records