While King Gilgamesh is primarily thought of as a mythological character, many scholars think he was also an actual king in this culture.
What are the Sumerians?
100
Hammurabi's Code
What are the Babylonians?
100
A group of people that make laws, provide protection, and settle disputes for a larger group of people.
What is government?
100
The Standard of Ur.
What was important because it showed what life was like in peacetime and in wartime?
100
The oldest of the cultures in this region. They settled the area between the Tigris and Euphrates by the Persian Gulf. They were in power from roughly 3500 BC - 2000BC.
What are the Sumerians?
200
King David and King Solomon were two of the best-known kings from this culture.
What are the Canaanites / Israelites?
200
The Standard of Ur.
What are the Sumerians?
200
When each city within a civilization has its own, independent ruler and government.
What are city-states?
200
Hammurabi's Code.
What was important because it showed that there was a complex society in place with many strict laws like "an eye for an eye".
200
This culture moved to the coast of the Mediterranean Sea from Sumer in about 1900 BC. The had to flee to Egypt due to a famine in about 1800 BC.
What are the Canaanites / Israelites?
300
King Hammurabi was known for the code of laws created during his time that bear his name. He was a famous king from this culture.
What are the Babylonians?
300
Ahiram's Sarcophagus.
What are the Phoenicians?
300
When all of the territories in a civilization are controlled by one main ruler / government.
What is an empire?
300
Lamassu.
What was important because the people believed it protected them and it showed the city's laws for people to know the rules of the land.
300
This warrior culture ruled the Fertile Crescent from about 1115 BC - 612 BC. At the height of their power, about 665 BC - 612 BC, their empire covered a huge area including all of the Fertile Crescent and some of Egypt.
What are the Assyrians?
400
King Sargon II was a major king of this warrior-based culture.
What are the Assyrians?
400
The Dead Sea Scrolls.
What are the Canaanites / Israelites?
400
The main temple in the city that was often the largest building and home to the city's priests.
What is a ziggurat?
400
The Dead Sea Scrolls.
What was important because it was evidence of the move from polytheistic religions to a monotheistic religion (belief in one god).
400
This culture conquered the Sumerian city-states around 1792 BC and stayed in power until about 1600 BC. A new culture rose and formed under the same name by defeating the Assyrians in 612 BC.
What are the Babylonians?
500
King Ahiram was not necessarily the most important king from this culture, but his sarcophagus features the oldest known use of their alphabet.
What are the Phoenicians?
500
Lammasu.
What are the Assyrians?
500
A military blockade and attack on a city to force it to surrender.
What is a siege?
500
Ahiram's Sarcophagus.
What was important because it is the oldest known example of the Phoenician alphabet.
500
The culture was a great sea power from about 1100 BC - 800 BC. Their empire was throughout southern Europe, northern Africa, and western Asia - all along the coast of the Mediterranean Sea.