Rise of Feudalism
After what event did the Middle Ages begin in Europe?
Fall of the Roman Empire
The King is a vassal to who?
God
a system of order and protection between the hierarchy of nobles, knights, and peasants
Feudalism
Who came to power during the decline of Feudalism?
The commoners (common everyday people)
Where did the Black Plague allegedly start?
Central Asia
What is the belief that God chose the King
Divine Right Theory
This group had to provide food and services to everyone on the manor
Peasants and serfs
vassals that were given plots of land in exchange for serving their lord in combat when called upon to do so
Knights
What were the 2 new warfare items that led to the decline of Feudalism?
Longbow, gunpowder
-A woman who led the French army to victory
-She heard saints telling her to “save France”
Joan of Arc
Who was crowned the King of the Franks and reunited all Christian lands in Western Europe
Charlemagne
What were the responsibilities of Knights?
Served in lords army and had to protect everyone on the manor, had to follow the code of Chivalry
All the land controlled or owned by a king
manor
How did people moving into Towns affect the Feudal system?
No one to work on the farms and did not need live on a manor in order to survive
What is the Magna Carta?
Agreement that said a King could rule as long as he followed the rules of the law, no free man could be jailed without the judgement of peers
Later became the foundation of England's Rights
This man brought feudalism to Europe
William the Conqueror
Who had the responsibility of protecting people who pledged their loyalty to them, provided knights to the monarch in time of war and acted as judges
Noble Lords
the medieval knight's code of ideal behavior, including bravery, loyalty, and respect for women
Chivalry
Instead of using Knights what did the Kings do for protection?
They hired professional armies
What was the cause of The 100 Years War?
England wanted control of the French throne and territory
List the Feudal pyramid from the highest power to the lowest power
King
Lord/Noble
Knights
Peasants/Serfs
What was the basis of the Feudal economy?
Land, exchange of services for lands/goods/protection
a series of religious wars
The Crusades
How did the plague contribute to the decline of Feudalism?
Mass casualties, trade and commerce almost halted, power shifted from nobles to commoners because there was no one else to work
Why were barons(lords) unhappy with King John?
He lost most of the lands England controlled in France, he taxed heavily, he ignored traditional rights and arrested opponents at will, and he fought with the Church and collected money from its properties.