Geo.
Also called Apennine Peninsula; landform in the Mediterranean Sea shaped like a boot; location of Italy
Italian Peninsula
System of farming that rotates crops through harvests to replenish nutrients in the soil
Crop rotation
River in Italy that became a famous landmark when Julius Caesar and his army crossed in against orders
Rubicon River
What is the home of the Roman Catholic Church; city-state and the smallest country in the world?
Vatican City
First great missionary of the Christian church
Paul
Catholic means ____________.
Universal
One of the greatest military leaders in history; Roman dictator
Julius Caesar
Men who governed in the Senate
Senators
Alphabet used by the Romans; the most highly used writing system in the world
Latin alphabet
Battles led by the Catholic Church to reclaim the Holy Land from Turkish Muslims
Crusades
Latin word for "father"
Pope
Largest mountain system in Europe; northern boundary of Italy
Alps
Language of the Romans
Latin
Largest island in the Mediterranean Sea
Sicily
Women who separated themselves from the world, promising to live a life of poverty and to never marry were called what?
Nuns
King Charles the Great; crowned emperor of the Romans
Charlemagne
The alliance of Latin tribes who agreed to defend each other against invaders was called the ___________ ___________.
Latin League
Mark Antony's ally; queen of Egypt
Cleopatra
Highest elected officials in Rome; had command of Rome's armies
Consuls
Governing body whose members were the oldest and wisest men of Rome
Senate
200 years of peace that followed the beginning of the Roman Empire (27 B.C. - A.D. 180); Latin for "Roman Peace"
Pax Romana
Secluded monk who chose to live all alone in a cave or hut
Hermit
River along which Rome was founded
Tiber River
Bridge-like structures that transported water to areas without access to a river or lake
Aqueducts
Italy's longest river
Po River
What was the name for a place where monks lived and served together?
Roman emperor who gave the people of his empire the freedom to worship any god they chose
Constantine
A census is the counting of the ____________ of a country.
Population
Caesar's close friend and assistant; ruled in Caesar's place
Mark Antony
Roman citizens from wealthy, distinguished families
Patricians
Drape worn over the short tunic worn by male Roman citizens
Toga
Charlemagne was crowned emperor of the Romans in this year
A.D. 800
Men who separated themselves from the world, promising to live a life of poverty and to never marry
Monks
Chain of mountains that runs down the length of Italy
Apennines
Best-preserved building from Ancient Rome; building which contains the world's largest unreinforced concrete dome
Pantheon
Southern part of the Italian Peninsula and Sicily
Greater Greece
What was the earliest written law of Rome?
Law of the Twelve Tables
Byzantine emperor; expanded the empire to its furthest extent
Justinian I
Also called the Greek Orthodox Church
Eastern Orthodox Church
Eighteen-year-old grandnephew of Julius Caesar who had been named as his heir
Octavian
Strong and powerful group who built the first cities in Italy
Etruscans
Short-sleeved garment that was usually fastened at the waist with a belt
Tunic
Three wars between Rome and Carthage; all won by Rome
Punic Wars
Land ruled by another country
Province
Most well-known hill on which Rome was built
Palatine Hill
First Roman road
Appian Way
A place where nuns lived and served together
Convent
Who was the first Holy Roman Emperor?
Otto the Great
Last emperor of a united Roman Empire; made Christianity the official religion of the Roman Empire
Theodosius I
Men who served the church by traveling to teach and help others were called ________.
Friars
Octavian's new name; first emperor of the Roman Empire; means "the exalted"
Caesar Augustus
Common people of Rome
Plebeians
A private family home
Domus
The dates of the Middle Ages
A.D. 500-1500
Eastern Roman Empire
Byzantine Empire