Biochemistry
Cells
Energy
Reproduction/Growth
Evolution/Ecology
100
How many water molecules are produced in the following reaction?
Glycine + Lysine + Serine 🡪 Polypeptide + ___H2O
2
100
Describe how prokaryotic DNA is different from eukaryotic DNA.
Prokarytoic - circular in cytoplasm
Eukaryotic - linear in nucleus
100
How does ATP release energy?
A phosphate is removed (converted to ADP)
100
What are the 3 steps of interphase in the cell cycle?
G1, Synthesis, G2
100
Which of the following characteristics of living things explains why birds fly south for the winter?
Respond to Stimuli
200
What type of bond is found within a water molecule?
Polar Covalent
200
When molecules move down the concentration gradient across a membrane with the aid of a transport protein it is called:
Facilitated Diffusion
200
What happened to the molecule NADPH that made it reduced?
Gained electrons!
200
Explain semiconservative replication.
After one round of replication, every new DNA double helix will be a hybrid that consists of one strand of old DNA bound to one strand of newly synthesized DNA.
200
How would the environment change if there were fewer plants to carry out photosynthesis?
More carbon dioxide and less energy available for consumers
300
A molecule is found to have 121 carbon atoms, 358 hydrogen atoms, 22 Oxygen atoms, and 12 phosphorous atoms. What macromolecule could this be?
Lipid
300
Which direction would the water move?
From side B to side A
300
Approximately how many molecules of ATP are produced from the complete oxidation of one molecule of glucose (C6H12O6) in aerobic cellular respiration?
Net: 30-32
300
What is the expected phenotypic ratio resulting from a heterozygous X heterozygous monohybrid cross?
3:1
300
What is the smallest unit of evolution?
A population
400
What bond holds nitrogen bases together in DNA? What bond holds the backbone together?
Hydrogen
Phosphodiester
400
Describe the function of the sodium/potassium pump.
Maintains osmotic balance by pumping sodium (Na+) out of the cell and Potassium (K+) into the cell.
400
What are the products of the light dependent reaction in photosynthesis?
Oxygen, NADPH, ATP
400
What is nondisjunction and when does it typically occur?
Failure of chromosomes to separate properly in meiosis - anaphase II
400
Two different species of birds have been spotted. Although the two birds are hard to differentiate, they have different mating songs. When the two birds tried to mate, the male bird refused because the female bird’s song had a lower pitch. This is an example of what kind of reproductive isolation?
Behavioral Isolation
500
How is an isotope different from an isomer?
Isotope - Atom with a different number of neutrons (changes mass)
Isomer - Same chemical elements arranged in a different structure
500
Describe the endomembrane system.
A group of membranes and organelles in eukaryotic cells that works together to modify, package, and transport lipids and proteins
500
What are the inputs of the Kreb's Cycle? The outputs?
Inputs: Pyruvate/Acetyl CoA
Outputs:ATP, CO2, FADH2, NADH
500
What stage of meiosis is described?
Human cell - 23 duplicated chromosomes are lining up on the equator of the cell
Metaphase II
500
What is the biological importance of the phosphorus cycle?
Phosphate group in DNA, transfer of energy in ADP/ATP