Algorithms & Flowcharts
What is an algorithm?
A finite and ordered sequence of steps used to solve a problem.
What is a programming paradigm?
A method or style of solving problems in programming.
What is syntax in programming?
The rules for writing correct code.
What is the CPU?
The brain of the computer.
What is a high-level language?
A language easy to understand by humans (e.g., Python).
What graphic tool represents a process step by step?
A flowchart.
What does the imperative paradigm focus on?
Describing how to perform a task step by step.
What is an object?
A unit that represents an entity with attributes and methods.
What does RAM do?
Temporarily stores data; it is erased when the computer turns off.
What is binary code?
A system using 0s and 1s to represent all information.
What is pseudocode?
An informal description of an algorithm written in natural language.
What paradigm uses classes, objects, attributes, and methods?
Object-Oriented Programming.
What is a variable?
A named space in memory that stores a changing value.
What is the Von Neumann architecture?
A model where data and instructions are stored in the same memory.
What is a syntax error?
A writing mistake in code that prevents it from running.
What are the three main characteristics of an algorithm?
Finite, ordered, and precise.
What paradigm focuses on describing what you want instead of how to do it?
Declarative paradigm.
What does indentation indicate in Python?
Which instructions belong inside a conditional or loop.
Give one example of an input device and one output device.
Input: keyboard. Output: monitor or printer.
What is the difference between compiled and interpreted languages
Compiled translates all code before running; interpreted runs line by line.
What is problem decomposition?
The technique of dividing a complex problem into smaller subproblems to solve more easily.
What is the reactive paradigm used for?
For systems that respond automatically to events, like games or dynamic apps.
What are the three types of conditionals in Python?
IF, IF–ELSE, IF–ELIF.
What invention allowed computers to be used in homes and offices?
The microprocessor (CPU on a single chip).
What is debugging?
The process of finding and fixing errors in the code.