Human Anatomy and Physiology Part 2
This body system eliminates waste products.
What is the excretory system?
This structure serves as the cell’s control center.
What is the nucleus?
Along with adenine, cytosine, and guanine, this base forms DNA.
What is thymine?
This Austrian monk is known as the Father of Genetics.
Who is Gregor Mendel?
This type of cell division creates gametes with half the chromosome number.
What is meiosis?
A change in genetic information is called this.
What is a mutation?
Gas exchange occurs in these tiny lung air sacs.
What are alveoli?
This jellylike fluid fills the cell interior.
What is cytoplasm?
RNA contains this nitrogen base not found in DNA.
What is uracil?
Different forms of the same gene are called these.
What are alleles?
Crossing GG and gg pea plants produces offspring with this genotype and color.
What are Gg and green pods?
A person’s actual genetic makeup for a trait is called this.
What is genotype?
This transparent eye structure is located at the front of the eye.
What is the cornea?
This organelle is known as the cell’s powerhouse.
What is the mitochondrion?
This process creates an RNA copy from DNA.
What is transcription?
This Mendelian law states that dominant traits appear in offspring.
What is the law of dominance?
Mendel’s law stating that alleles separate during gamete formation is this law.
What is the law of segregation?
Lentils displaying both spotted and dotted seed patterns demonstrate this inheritance pattern.
What is codominance?
The pineal gland produces this sleep-related hormone.
What is melatonin?
This organelle manufactures proteins.
What is the ribosome?
This sequence of three nucleotides codes for one amino acid.
What is a codon?
Cells with half the normal chromosome number are described by this term.
What is haploid?
The ABO blood group demonstrates this type of inheritance.
What is multiple-allele inheritance?
Genes that do not assort independently demonstrate this.
What is linkage?
The brain and spinal cord form this nervous system.
What is the central nervous system?
Selective diffusion across a membrane is called this.
What is osmosis?
Noncoding sections of DNA within genes are called these.
What are introns?
Traits controlled by many gene pairs demonstrate this inheritance pattern.
What is polygenic inheritance?
Genes on the same chromosome can still inherit independently through this process.
What is recombination?
Siamese cats demonstrating one gene affecting multiple traits show this phenomenon.
What is pleiotropy?