Respiratory
Renal
GI
Repro
Neurosensory: Eye
100
Analyze the ABG:
pH: 7.28p
PCo2: 52
HCO3: 32
pO2: 78
Respiratory Acidosis
100
A patient presents with chills, a fever of 102.3 degrees, leukocytosis, bacteriuria, pyuria, flank pain, and CVA tenderness. What diagnosis is expected?
Acute pyelonephritis
100
A RN is assessing a patient with a complete intestinal obstruction. Which of the following should the RN suspect?
a. Absence of bowel sounds in all 4 quadrants
b. Passage of blood tinged-liquid stool
c. Presence of flatulence
d. Hyperactive bowel sounds above the obstruction
d. Hyperactive bowel sounds above the obstruction
100
Describe post-mastectomy care
100
This eye disorder has decreased acuity, halos, glare, and poor night vision
Cataracts
200
A charge RN receives notification of an admission of a patient who is coughing frequently and whose sputum is pink, frothy, and copious. The patient has a history of night sweats, anorexia, and weight loss. What actions should the RN take? SATA
a. assign the client a private, negative pressure room
b. add contact precautions
c. wear an N-95 when in the patients room
d. ensure room provides 4 air exchanges per minute
e. Institute protective environment precautions
a. assign the client a private, negative pressure room
c. wear an N-95 when in the patients room
200
This class of antibiotics is nephrotoxic, neurotoxic, ototoxic, and may cause LFT alterations.
Aminoglycosides
200
An RN is caring for a patient with acute diverticulitis. While the patient has active inflammation, the Rn should instruct them to include which of the following in her diet?
a. White bread and plain yogurt
b. Shredded wheat cereal and blueberries
c. Broccoli and kidney beans
d. Oatmeal and fresh pears
a. White bread and plain yogurt
200
How does a fibrocystic mass differ from a cancerous mass in the breast?
A fibrocystic mass is round with palpable boarders, soft, moveable, and increases in size with tenderness before mensuration.
A breast cancer mass is irregularly shaped with no palpable boarders, hard, not moveable, and is non-tender/unrelated to menses.
200
This class of medications decrease aqueous humor production. Adverse effects includes burning, stinging, blurred vision, bradycardia, hypotension, and bronchospasm.
Beta adrenergic blockers
Examples: Betoptic (betaxolol), Timoptic (timolol), Betagan (levobunolol)
300
These are the 4 medications are used to treat active TB and have a side effect of which type of toxicity?
Isonazide, Rifampin, Ethambutol, and Pyrazinamide
Hepatotoxic
300
A patient with glomerulonephritis is to undergo a right kidney biopsy. What important teaching will the nurse implement for post-procedure recovery
The patient will lay on the right side to prevent hemorrhage
300
This disorder is an erosion of the GI mucosa and can be caused by H. pylori infection, overuse of NSAIDS, steroids, and aspirin, or alcohol and smoking use.
Name 2 clinical manifestations
Peptic ulcer diease
Pyrosis, vomiting, constipation or diarrhea, bleeding, or sour eructation (burping).
300
How are bladder spasms treated following a TURP?
Irrigate the catheter for clots, belladonna and opium suppositories, and colace administration
300
These medications decrease aqueous humor production AND increase outflow by constricting pupil.
Adverse effects include hypotension, HA, decreased low light vision, blurred vision, and stinging
Cholinergic agonists (Miotics)
Examples: Isopto Carbachol (carbachol), Pilocar (pilocarpine)
400
A client with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) reports increased shortness of breath and fatigue for 1 hour after awakening in the morning. Which of the following statements by the nurse would best help with the client's shortness of breath and fatigue?
a. "Raise your arms over your head."
b. "Delay self–care activities for 1 hour."
c. "Sit in a chair whenever doing an activity."
d. "Drink fluids upon arising from bed."
b. "Delay self–care activities for 1 hour."
400
A patient with a history of CKD managed with dialysis presents with heart palpitations, muscle weakness, nausea and vomiting, and chest pain. Their EKG shows cardiac arrhythmias. What do you expect is causing the symptoms, and how can we fix it?
Hyperkalemia.
We may give kayexalate, but more than likely we will give IV calcium. We also need to make sure the patient follows their dialysis schedule
400
Describe dumping syndrome and diet alterations that can help it.
Food is dumped into the small intestine causing a hypertonic situation. This pulls fluids from the intravascular space and decreases the patients blood pressure.
Low-carb diets and decreasing fluids with meals may help improve dumping syndrome symptoms
400
This class of medications used for BPH decreases the size of prostate gland by blocking enzymes to convert testosterone to DHT (hormone manipulator).
5-a-Reductase inhibitors
Examples include Finasteride (Proscar), Dutasteride (Avodart), and Jayln (Finasteride plus Tamsulosin)
400
Photopsia, floaters, ring in visual field,
This disorder has cobweb vision with painless loss of peripheral or central sight.
Retinal detachment
500
Which of the following factors contribute to the underlying pathophysiology of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)? Select all that apply.
a. Overinflated alveoli impair gas exchange.
b. Mucus secretions block airways.
c. Inflamed airways obstruct airflow.
d. Dry airways obstruct airflow.
a. Overinflated alveoli impair gas exchange.
b. Mucus secretions block airways.
c. Inflamed airways obstruct airflow.
500
Name the 4 types of stones and their causes
Calcium oxalate-elevated calcium
Calcium Phosphate-hyperthyroidism
Uric Acid-Gout/high purine diet
Struvite-Recurrent infections
500
A patient presents with weakness, fatigue, weight loss, and stools alternating from diarrhea to constipation. This patient likely has:
How is this usually managed?
Colorectal cancer, usually a colon resection is completed. Chemo/radiation may be an adjunctive therapy.
500
This class of medications facilitates urinary flow by promoting smooth muscle relaxation in prostate.
Adrenergic Receptor Blockers
Examples include: Alfuzosin (Uroxatral), Tamsulosin (Flmoax), Doxazosin (Cardura), Terazosin Hydrochloride (Hytrin), Prazosin (Minipress), Silodosin (Rapaflo)
500
This group of disorders characterized by increased intraocular pressure, optic nerve atrophy, and peripheral vision loss
Glaucoma