Chapter 16
Evolution occurs in these groups, not in individuals.
What are populations?
These groups evolve independently because they do not successfully breed with others?
What are species?
Before Darwin, most people believed organisms arose from nonliving matter by this process.
What is spontaneous generation?
The difference between immigration and emigration.
What is net migration?
When two or more species that use the same resources interact in a way that is harmful to all involved.
What is interspecific competition?
The observable physical and behavioral traits of an organism.
What is homozygous?
These organisms look very similar but are actually separate species, as shown in the flycatcher example.
What are cryptic species?
This scientist disproved the "maggots from meat" idea in 1668.
Who is Francesco Redi?
Birth rate minus death rate gives you this.
What is growth rate?
When two species interact in a way that benefits both species.
What is mutualism?
When both alleles of a gene are the same in an organism.
What is homozygous?
According to the biological species concept, species are defined by this reproductive feature?
What is reproductive isolation?
The first organisms on earth were these types of cells.
What are anaerobic prokaryotes?
Maximum rate at which population can grow.
What is biotic potential?
When two species interact in a way that benefits one and leaves the other relatively unaffected.
What is commensalism?
The proportion of a particular allele in the gene pool is known as this.
What is allele frequency?
This limitation of the biological species concept makes it difficult to apply to bacteria.
What is "does not apply to asexual reproduction"?
Cyanobacteria revolutionized Earth's atmosphere by producing this gas.
What is oxygen?
Weather and climate are examples of these factors.
What are density-independent factors?
The process by which interacting species act as gents of natural selection on one another.
What is coevolution?
The principle that allele and genotype frequencies remain stable unless one of five conditions is violated.
What is the Hardy-Weinberg principle?
The newly discovered smallest vertebrate in New Guinea was an example used to introduce this topic.
What is species diversity?
The hypothesis describing the origin of mitochondria and chloroplasts.
What is the endosymbiotic hypothesis?
What is random distribution?
Echolocation used by bats resulting in evolved ears in moths is an example of this.
What is structural and behavioral coevolution?