Mechanisms for Controlling Costs
Price times Quality
What is cost?
Any mechanism that gives people the ability to pay for health care services.
What is financing?
Susceptibility to negative events that result in poor health or illness.
What is vulnerability?
Cost, Access, & Quality
What is the Iron Triangle of Health Care?
Takes resources from one group and gives it to another.
What are redistributive policies?
This has come under fire as a process of micromanagement of clinical decisions.
What is Utilization Management?
When consumers are driven to overutilize health care services because they don't have to pay out-of-pocket.
What is moral hazard?
These communities face higher burdens of heart disease, stroke, diabetes, mental health disorders, and substance abuse.
When costs are commonly viewed in terms of national expenditures for health care.
What is macroprospective?
Spreads benefits throughout society.
What are distributive policies?
"Empty beds tend to become filled"
***DAILY DOUBLE!!!
What is Roemer's Law?
What is provider-induced demand?
They contribute to an individual's ability to be economically sufficient.
What are individual assets?
Refers to how much a nation spends on health care services.
What is healthcare expenditure or health care spending?
These groups represent a variety of individuals and entities.
What are interest groups?
Controls on the number of physicians, caregivers, and material resources.
What are supply limits?
This refers to the possibility of substantial financial loss from some event.
What is risk?
This is associated with social position, access to resources, & variations in health status.
What is socioeconomic status?
This model emphasizes intervention after the person becomes sick.
What is the medical model?
This president was responsible for the passage of Medicare and Medicaid.
Who is President Lyndon Johnson?
Uses summary of data on practice patterns to identify physicians whose overall use significantly deviates from standards set by other physicians in the community.
What is practice profiling?
The technique for evaluating, selecting, rejecting, classifying, and rating risks.
What is underwriting?
Drug & alcohol abuse, obesity, family violence, & learning problems that affect children.
What are new morbidities?
Used to protect physicians from malpractice lawsuits.
What is defensive medicine?
This is the leading cause of cancer death in the US.
What is lung cancer?