The most important concept in TPB is _________ _________.
What is behavioral intention?
100
A _________ _________ is an assertion of cause and effect including the direction of the causality.
What is causal argument?
This is important in the context of Cultivation Theory because Gerbner was asserting that media can cause long term formation and shaping of perceptions, understandings, and beliefs about the world.
100
__________ _________ holds that media effects are limited by aspects of the audience's personal and social lives
What is limited effects?
100
A personal estimation of the strength of opposing sides on a public issue is ______-_______ ________.
What is quasi-statistical sense? (look at page 375 in book for more detail)
200
According to the reading, _____ is a realized vulnerability in attitudes and behaviors and acts as a catalyst in the inoculation strategy that motivates individuals to fortify their defenses.
What is threat? (will also accept threat component)
200
_______________ are formed by a series of beliefs and result in a value being placed on the outcome of the behavior.
What are attitudes?
200
__________ ____________ is the percentage of difference in response between light and heavy television viewers.
What is cultivation differential?
200
U&G assumes that: the _______ is active and its ______ is goal oriented.
What is audience and media?
200
First assumption: Society threatens deviant individuals with ___________; fear of __________ is pervasive.
What is isolation? Second: this fear of isolation causes individuals to try to assess the climate of opinion at all times. Third: Public behavior is affected by public opinion assessment.
300
__________ ____________ triggers the process of counter arguing, which involves raising, and then answering, specific challenges to attitudes or behaviors.
What is refutational preemption?
This process has two functions: 1. to provide a specific content (factual evidence showing the dangers of practicing unprotected sex) that can be used in a future defense exercise and 2. to afford a guided practice in the art of effective counter arguing.
300
________ _________ is the perceived social pressure to engage or not to engage in a certain behavior.
What are social norms?
300
___________ is the tendency for heavy viewers to perceive a similar culturally dominant reality to that pictured on the media although this differs from actual reality.
What is mainstreaming? This is the idea that television's symbols dominate other sources of information and ideas about the world.
300
__________ is a need gratified by the media which states that audiences want to enhance connections with family, friends, and so forth.
What is social integrative? (Take a look at this whole table on page 390 in the book).
300
The mistaken observation of how most people feel is called _________ ___________.
What is pluralistic ignorance? You do not believe you are part of the group. For example, In a classroom, after explaining how to solve a difficult problem, the teacher asks if anyone has any question, but none of the students raise their hand. That doesn't necessarily mean every student has understood everything. In this case, every student is led to believe that the lack of questions from other students means everyone has understood how that particular problem is to be solved. So they themselves refrain from asking questions out of fear that everybody will perceive that they are not intelligent.
400
___________ (emotions such as anger or happiness) and ___________ (rational) language both contribute to resistance, especially when the requested outcome is in the form of an attitude or behavior.
What is affective and cognitive?
This is not always the case, however. Successful messages can have these attributes as long as they are in the right modality (i.e., video, print) and to the right audience.
400
Believing you can actually perform the behavior you believe in is called _______ _______ _________.
What is perceived behavioral control?
400
__________ is a behavior that occurs when a viewer's lived reality coincides with the reality pictured in the media.
What is resonance?
400
__________ ___________ is the relationship we feel we have with people we know only through the media.
What is parasocial relationship?
400
Maggie believes that eating animals is wrong that we should not be doing it. She knows that there is a price to pay for vocalizing this opinion but still confronts people about it anyways. Maggie is part of a group called ________ ________ _________.
What is the hard core?
500
These three things should be considered when constructing an inoculation message: ___________, _____________ (i.e., credibility, trust), & _____________ (timing, type).
What is modality, message source, and booster messages?
500
_______ ______ is the extent to which we can decide to do something at will. _______ ______ is the extent of ease of difficulty we believe the performance of a behavior to be.
What is violational control and behavioral control? See page 40 in the pdf.
500
_________ ________ _________ refers to learning facts from the media (i.e., how many employed males are involved in law enforcement). __________ ________ __________ refers to learning values and assumptions from the media (i.e., do you think police should be allowed to use greater force to subdue criminals? is a question aimed at this)
What is first and second order effects? (Take a look at more examples, as well as the mean world hypothesis on page 412 in the book)
500
In lecture, Andy described Bruce Springsteen's famous song "Born in the USA" as an example of audience members constructing their own meaning from content, which influences what they think and do. This concept is called ____________ ___ ____________.
What is imperviousness to influence?
500
The spiral of science falls into the tradition of ________/________.