LECTURE 19-20
The ideal osmolarity state of a plant cell is what?
hyperosmotic/turgid plant cell
for humans, where does gas exchange occur?
Capillaries
Patient X has type II diabetes and requires treatment. What hormone would you give patient X and what class of hormone is that?
insulin, polypeptide hormone
When examining eudicots vs monocots, are there differences between the leaf patterns?
yes, eudicots have oval or palmate net like veins
monocots have narrow, parallel veins.
SSC 229, Friday 14, 2025, 8:00-8:50 AM
Animals need to excrete things to prevent toxic waste building up in their bodies. Remind me what aquatic organisms excrete.
Pure ammonia (NH3)
What type of organism evolved its first lungs?
The Eusthenopteron ( a lobed-finned lung fish)
There are five types of signaling in the human body. Which type of signaling diffuses locally and targets nearby neighbors?
Paracrine signaling
external fertilization is common in what type of animals?
Amphibians and aquatic life
how old is Dr. Delaney?
37 years old
What are the nephron's three steps?
glomerular filtration, tubular reabsorption, tubular excretion
Let us examine the heart. What are the four chambers of the heart? How does deoxygenated blood move throughout the heart?
deoxygenated blood moves from: Right atrium -> right ventricle -> pulmonary artery.
Which hormone is responsible for lowering blood sugar? Which hormone is responsible for raising blood sugar? When would these two hormones be released in the body?
insulin, when you just ate something sugary
glucagon, when you are starving, send signals to the liver to perform gluconeogenesis.
What are the two phases in menstruation talked about in lecture? Which one is before ovulation and which one is after?
follicular phase : before ovulation
luteal phase: after ovulation
name the four components that make up the pistil of a flower
ovule, ovary, style, stigma
DOUBLE JEOPARDY
What are the four biological molecules? What is their purpose for each molecule?
Carbohydrates: energy
lipids:phospholipid membrane, steroids, glycolipids
nucleic acids: store information
amino acids: many many actions, muscles, enzymes
The mammalian circuit has a double circulation system, what are they called and what do they do??
pulmonary circuit: send O2 poor blood to the lungs
systemic circuit: send O2 rich blood to the tissues
List 5 factors plants may sense and respond to.
gravity, light, heat or cold stress, internal chemical signals, touch (by wind or objects), time (daylight and seasons), wounds, and pathogens.
How common are miscarriages and what causes them?
30-50% of fertilization events end in a pregnancy loss. Most miscarriages are cause due to chromosomal abnormalities.
who can draw the chemical structure of urea?
xylem = negative pressure
phloem = positive pressure
What is partial pressure and why is it important to the circulatory system?
In the circulatory system, partial pressure dictates the movement of gases (oxygen and carbon dioxide) between the lungs and tissues, and the driving force behind this gas exchange is the pressure gradient where gases move from areas of higher partial pressure to lower partial pressure.
DOUBLE JEOPARDY (since this is a big one)
For my BEAUTIFUL PREMEDS:Patient Y is suffering from a severe allergic reaction. She is developing rashes and going into anaphylactic shock. What medicine do you give her? What class of hormone is this medicine? How does this medicine stop the consequences of a severe allergic reaction?
Give her an epi-pen containing epinephrine. Epinephrine is an amine hormone.
When you go into anaphylactic shock your blood vessels loosen, drops your blood pressure to deadly level which can cause organ failure etc.
Epinephrine tightens your blood vessels to reverse your severe allergic reaction symptoms.
Name the three periods that take place in the Mesozoic Era
Triassic, Jurassic, and Cretaceous
TRIPLE JEOPARDY
Name the six mass extinctions. You must provide the correct names and in order to collect your points.ordovician-silurian extinction, late Devonian extinction, permian-triassic extinction, triassic-jurassic extinction, cretaceous-paleogene extinction, and Holocene extinction