Diagnostic Tools
The ______ describes disorders in terms of measurable symptoms.
DSM-5
The current view is that mental disorders are caused by....
Hint: 2 types of factors
Biological and Environmental
Skyler has had disruptive behavior problems since childhood, has shown signs of attention-deficit/ hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), and has had externalizing tendencies. According to the textbook, what gender is Skyler most likely?
Male
_______ therapy was developed from Freud's concept of psychoanalysis
Psychodynamic
Which neurotransmitter is impacted by SSRI antidepressants?
serotonin
According to the textbook, what is the clearest evidence that classifying mental disorders into categories is problematic?
Patient symptoms and behaviors seldom fit into precise diagnostic categories.
What is the central characteristic of anxiety disorders?
the feeling of excessive fear or anxiety in the absence of any real threat.
If you experience intense, uncontrollable fear when you encounter or think about a certain object, you would probably be diagnosed with
Specific Phobia
CBT is a combination of which two therapies?
cognitive + behavioral
What are the three major categories of psychoactives drugs that we reviewed in class?
1. Antianxiety
2. Antidepressant
3. Antipsychotic
Identify the three criterion of psychopathology:
1. The behavior is personally distressing.
2. The behavior is considered maladaptive.
3. The behavior deviates from cultural/societal norms.
What do both bipolar I and bipolar II disorders require for diagnosis?
What environmental factor has been shown to increase the likelihood of developing schizophrenia?
Heavy cannabis use in adolescence
What is a benefit of group therapy that we discussed in class?
social support, ability to empathize, usually inexpensive
What is the placebo effect?
improvement in health following treatment with a placebo
The diathesis-stress model of mental disorders focuses mainly on how....
both biology and environment can interact to influence psychological disorders. (susceptibility)
Give an example of both an INTERNALIZING disorder and an EXTERNALIZING disorder
Internal: Major Depressive
External: Conduct Disorder
Allen has been diagnosed with psychopathy, and Pete has been diagnosed with antisocial personality disorder. How will Allen and Pete likely differ?
Allen will be more manipulative than Pete.
What are the four skill taught in Dialectical Behavior Therapy?
1. Mindfulness
2. Distress Tolerance
3. Emotion Regulation
4. Interpersonal Effectiveness
What is generally understood as the most efficacious combination of treatments?
psychotherapy + psychopharmacology
Psychologists have noted that some mental disorders are more common among lower socioeconomic groups. Which model of mental illness most directly accounts for this observation?
Sociocultural
People diagnosed with antisocial personality disorder are less likely to learn from punishment because...
they have a low level of arousal and do not experience punishment as aversive.
If a particular disorder manifests similarly in different cultures around the world, one could confidently conclude that the disorder is most likely rooted in:
Hint: Think of types of factors.
Biological factors.
What is a major limitation of psychotherapy?
client may be disinterested in treatment
What are the three types of biological treatments that are non-drug therapies?
1. Electroconvulsive Therapy (ECT)
2. Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (TMS)
3. Deep Brain Stimulation (DBS)