Unit 2: Classification of Matter
Multiple things that are physically combined, usually through physical change.
Mixture.
Because Protons and Neutrons reside here, this is the overall charge of the nucleus.
Positive.
Nitrogen has this many valence electrons.
5.
Ionic bonds form between these two types of elements.
Metals and Nonmetals
This is the term for everything on the left side of the arrow in a chemical equation.
Products
This is something made of one kind of particle, or the same material.
Pure Substance.
This is Magnesium's atomic number.
12.
Elements in the same ________ will tend to have similar properties.
Group
Carbon Monoxide (CO) would be this type of bond.
Covalent
A catalyst will do this to the reaction rate.
Speed it up.
Cutting your hair would be an example of this type of change.
Physical Change
Isotopes have a different number of these particles, but the same number of protons.
Neutrons.
This is an ion with a positive charge.
Cation
True or False: NaCl would conduct electricity in water.
The Law of Conservation of Matter/Mass states this.
Matter cannot be created or destroyed / The mass of the products must equal the mass of the reactants.
Glitter and water would be an example of this type of mixture.
Heterogeneous Mixture.
An element's identity is based its number of these particles.
Protons.
If Beryllium (Be) were to form an ion, it would have this charge. Think about its nearest noble gas.
+2 (loses 2 electrons to appear like Helium)
This rule states that elements will gain or lose electrons to have 8 valence electrons, like the noble gases.
The Octet Rule
These coefficients would balance the following equation:
____ Ag + ____ H2S --> ____Ag2S + ____ H2
2, 1, 1, 1
Would CCl4 be an example of a mixture or a pure substance?
Pure Substance.
An isotope of Carbon has an Atomic Mass of 14. Carbon's atomic number is 6. How many neutrons does this isotope contain?
8
If Phosphorus were to form an ion, it would have this charge. Think about its nearest noble gas.
-3 (Gain 3 electrons to appear like Argon)
This is why Noble Gases don't readily form bonds with other elements.
Their valence shell has 8 valence electrons.
If someone were to double the amount of a reactant used, this would have to be done to balance the rest of the equation.
Everything else would also have to be doubled.