Ch. 7 & 8
There are two cultures of 'love' that exist in the U.S. according to Swidler (2001). Identify the 2 types of love and provide characteristics of each.
Romantic love (ideal) passionate devotion & attraction one person feels for another.
Utilitarian love (practical) rational dedication based on shared understanding and emotional commitment
In the 1960's the male provider ideal was the dominant American conception of fatherhood. Within contemporary society today, that has shifted to _________.
The involved father ideal
_____________is when men and women have jobs in separate occupations. Whereby, ______________ is the allocation of work between men and women in a society.
occupational gender segregation; gender division of labor
Despite continuance of family violence, overall ______ has been declining since the 1990's in the U.S.
violence
The future of U.S. families is projected to be marked by __________. (the condition of difference in experiences or characteristics of a population)
social diversity
Gay and lesbian relationships reflect similar patterns as straight relationships (Gotta et al. 2011) albeit they are complicated by _____.
Social stigma/negative social pressures
With 1 divorce for every 2.1 marriages and recouping through second marriages, modern families in the new diversity era that include stepparents, step siblings/half-siblings are termed _____________.
Blended Families
Describe the 'motherhood penalty' and the 'fatherhood bonus'.
Motherhood penalty: Employer discrimination; second shift can impact ('hurt') careers
Fatherhood bonus: can lend to career advancement/wage increase; "family man" /committed favorable outcomes at work [+ connotation]
An often overlooked population facing abuse (particularly psychological abuse), is ______.
the elderly
What are push and pull factors for migration? Define
Provide 3 examples of each.
Push factors: Reasons/Conditions that make people want to leave their location or home country.
(e.g. violence, political instability, religious persecution)
Pull factors: Reasons/Conditions that attract people to a new destination or host country.
(e.g. safety, economic opportunity, family reunification, higher quality of life)
Sociologists use the concept of _______, to examine the phenomena whereby similar people have more of a given kind of contact than dissimilar people (e.g. where they live, go to school, spend leisure, share common experiences).
homophily
On average, research has lent to findings that married people are ________than unmarried people.
happier
The conflict that occurs when time demands, strains, or obligations of work or family roles make it difficult to fulfill obligations of either role is termed ___________.
work-family conflict
A pattern of research on child abuse is that dangerous acts perpetrated against children occur by strangers. True or False
False (parents, caregivers, in the family home)
When it comes to migration, the term _________ is often linked to people from Global North countries whilst the term________ is often linked to people from Global South countries.
Global North (e.g. United States, Canada, Australia, New Zealand, England, EU Countries, Singapore, Japan, S. Korea)
Global South (e.g. Bangladesh, Laos, Ecuador, S. Sudan)
expatriate; migrant
Although the U.S. is a defacto multi-cultural nation-state, racial-ethnic patterns of marriage illustrate high-levels of ________.
endogamy
What's the difference between 'child-less' and 'child-free'?
Child-less: linked to challenges with fertility
Child-free: linked to choice of not desiring children
The <system of care> involves what two types of work?
House work and care work.
What are the two elements that are usually present between victims and perpetrators.
intimacy; care relationship
Some U.S. Americans are electing to reside in Mexico and conduct remote work. They are benefiting from earning in _______, and spending in ______. Critics note the _______ of Mexican neighborhoods as a response to this phenomena.
dollars; pesos, gentrification
________has rapidly become an expected stage in relationships for the majority of couples.
cohabitation
___________are difficult for children, even when moving from a challenging family environment/circumstances to a healthier one.
How is the U.S. unusual in the amount of paid family leave compared to other developed nations?
The U.S. does not provide (federal) paid family leave.
According to the National Crime Victimization Surveys (U.S. Bureau of Justice Statistics 2022), what are the top 2 reasons women gave for not reporting intimate partner violence to police?
1. Feared reprisal (i.e. retaliation) or getting the offender in trouble
2. Believed police wouldn't come, wouldn't help, and/or would biased
The future of families notes that in the categorization of society using the frame of families, _________are often neglected and there will need to be social policies to further include this part of the population.
people with no families (e.g. orphans)