Intro to Pharm
The study of how the body interacts with administered substances for the entire duration of exposure. How the drug is administered, absorbed, distributed, metabolized, excreted, and the concentration left in the blood.
Pharmacokinetics
This drug treats breast cancer. It can cause menopause-associated affeects, bone marrow supression, hypercalcemia, and CV effects.
Tamixifen
These drugs help with anxiety disorders, seizures, and alcohol withdrawal. They can cause sedation, drowsiness, depression, blurred vision, dry mouth. Do not take with alcohol.
Benzodiazepines- Diazepam, Alprazolam, and Midazolam
These drugs treat seasonal allergies, rhinitis, allergic conjunctivitis, uncomplicated urticaria, and angioedema.They cause anticholinergic effects such as blurry vision, decreased GI motility, dry mouth, urinary retention, increased HR, and decreased sweating.
Antihistamines
First gen- Diphenhydramine (Benedryl)
Second gen (less sedating)- Cetirizine (Zyrtec) and Loratidine (Claritin)
These drugs treat HTN, supraventricular tachycardia, and a. fib/flutter. It dialates the vessels. Do not take it with grapefruit juice.
Calcium channel blockers- Amlodipine, Nifedipine, Diltiazem, and Verapamil
The time required for half of a given drug to be removed from the body.
After how many of these would the drug be considered to e completely removed from the body.
Half-Life
5
This drug treats inflammation, pain, and fever. They can cause nausea, dyspepsia, GI pain, constipation, diarrhea, GI bleed, platelet inhibition, and HTN. Cautions in patients with CV dysfunction or HTN, pregnancy, GI bleeding, and peptic ulcers.
NSAIDS- Ibuprofen, naproxen, and ketorolac
These drugs help with depression, posttraumatic stress disorders, and social anxiety disorders. They decrease the reuptake of serotonin and norepi.They can cause tachycardia, sexual dysfunction, serotonin syndrome, HTN, and vomiting. Black box warning for suicide.
SNRI- Duloxetine
These drugs help loosen secretions so you can cough them out. They provide symptomatic relief of respiratory conditions characterized by a dry, non-productive cough.
Expectorants- Guaifenesin (Mucinex)
What drug treats life-threatening ventricular arrythmias?
Class III potassium channel blockers- Amiodarone
Assessment
Diagnosing
Planning
Implementation
Evaluation
These drugs increase immune response. It is used with some cancers including renal carcinomas and AIDS/HIV. They increase the number of natural killer cells and lymphocytes. They activate cellular immunity and inhibit tumor growth.
Interleukins- Aldesleukins
This drug helps treat schizophrenia, hyperactivity, combative behavior, and severe behavioral problems in children. They slow the impulse and decrease the activity. They can cause extrapyramidal effects, tremors, sedation, and drowsiness.
Antipsychotic/Neuroleptic- Chlorpromazine and Apipiprazole
What do inhaled steroids such as Beclomethasone and Fluticasone treat?
Prevention and treatment of asthma.
These drugs treat/prevent angina attacks by dilating the blood vessels to return sufficient blood flow and O2 to the heart. Adverse effects include headache, dizziness, and weakness, as well as hypotension. Do not take with heparin.
Nitrates- nitroglycerin
The study of a drug's molecular, biochemical, and physiologic effects or actions.
How the drug affects the body.
Pharmacodynamics
This drug treats cancer and can be given IV or PO. It is the most toxic to the kidneys and can cause bladder bleeding. If IV- Large volume of IVF to try to flush it out, and plasma levels are checked during IV.
Methotrexate
These drugs treat seizures. They can cause drowsiness, lethargy, anorexia, urinary retention, HTN, severe liver toxicity, and bone marrow supression. THey can also cause gum overgrowth or gingival hyeperplasia.
Hydantoins- Phenytoin
This drug helps with the maintence of bronchospasm associated with COPD. It dialates airways down the road (Not immediately).
Anticholinergics- ipratropium and tiotropium
These drugs treat acute MI, pulmonary emboli, and ischemic stroke. They can cause bleeding, hypotension, and cardiac arrythmias. Interact with anticoags and antiplatelets. It is given IV.
Thrombolytics- Reteplase
What is the difference between the parasympathetic and the sympathetic nervous system?
SNS- Fight or flight
PSNS- Rest and digest
This drug energizes the immune system when it needs help fighting a specific pathogen by preventing virus particles from replicating inside other cells. It can cause lethargy, myalgia, arthralgia, anorexia, headache, dizziness, and bone marrow suppression.
Interferons (Immune Stimulants)- Interferon
This drug relieves s/s of parkinsons by increasing dopamine levels. They can cause anxiety, arrythmias, HTN, and blurred vision. They are contraindicated in pts with CV disease, and they interact with MAOIs.
Dopaminergics- Levodopa and Carbidopa-levodopa
Name an adverse effect of oxymetazoline. It is a decongestant.
Local stinging and bruning, rebound congestion, sympathomimetic effects: increased bp, increased hr, bronchial dilation, pupil dilation, and sweating.
They relieve nasal discomfort from congestion what is associated with common cold, sinusitis, and allergic rhinitis.
These drugs treat an assortment of issues including MI. What are the labs we should worry about with these?
Anticoags- Heparin and Warfarin
Heparin- PTT
Warfarin- PT (Think warfarin is PO and the lab is PT)