Oma's
lymphangioma
A benign tumor formed by an abnormal collection of lymphatic vessels due to a congenital malformation of the lymphatic system.
Bradycardia
Abnormally slow resting heart rate. The hearts of adults at rest usually beat between 60 and 100 times a minute.
Peptic ulcers
(UL-serz) are sores that affect the mucous membranes of the digestive system (pept means digestion, and -ic means pertaining to). Peptic ulcers are caused by the bacterium Helicobacter pylori or by medications, such as aspirin, that irritate the mucous membranes (Figure 8.12). The condition of having peptic ulcers is referred to as peptic ulcer disease.
Aspirin
Taken in a very small daily done, such as 81 mg, which is commonly known as baby aspirin, may be recommended to reduce the risk of a heart attack or stroke by reducing the ability of the blood to clot
Hepatitis A
Hepatitis A virus is the most prevalent type of hepatitis. This highly contagious condition is transmitted mainly through contamination of food and water with infected fecal matter. A vaccine is available to provide immunity against HAV.
Myosarcoma
A malignant tumor derived from muscle tissue.
Tachycardia
An abnormally rapid resting heart rate, usually over 100 bpm
Borborygums
(bor-boh-RIG-mus) is the rumbling noise caused by the movement of gas in the intestine.
Pleural cavity
also known as the pleural space, is the thin, fluid-filled space between the parietal and visceral pleural membranes. The fluid acts as a lubricant, allowing the membranes to slide easily over each other during respiration.
Pyloric sphincter
(sis-TOL-ick), which occurs when the ventricles contract, is the highest pressure against the walls of an artery. The term systole means contraction of the heart, and systolic means pertaining to this contraction phase.
Metastasize
To spread from one place to another
Cardiac arrest
An event in which the heart abruptly stops beating or develops an arrhythmia that prevents it from pumping blood effectively.
Bruxism
(BRUCK-sizm) is the involuntary grinding or clenching of the teeth that usually occurs during sleep and is associated with tension or stress. It can also occur habitually during the day. Bruxism wears away tooth structure, damages periodontal tissues, and injures the temporomandibular joint.
Pyothorax
(pye-oh-THOH-racks), also known as empyema of the pleural cavity, is the presence of pus in the pleural cavity between the layers of the pleural membrane ( py/o means pus, and -thorax means chest).
Cholecystectomy
The surgical removal of the gallbladder
Metastasis
The process by which cancer is spread to a new site; may refer to the tumor itself
Capillaries
(KAP-uh-ler-eez), which are only one epithelial cell in thickness, are the smallest blood vessels in the body. The capillaries form networks of expanded vascular beds that have the important role of delivering oxygen and nutrients to the cells of the tissues (Figure 5.11).
Salmonellosis
(sal-muh-nel-LOH-sis), also referred to as salmonella, is transmitted by feces, either through direct contact with animals, or by eating contaminated raw or undercooked meats and eggs or unpasteurized milk and cheese products.
Stomatomycosis
(stoh-mah-toh-my-KOH-sis) is any disease of the mouth due to a fungus (stomat/o means mouth or oral cavity, myc means fungus, and -osis means abnormal condition or disease).
Pneumorrhagia
(new-moh-RAY-jee-ah) is bleeding from the lungs ( pneum/o means lungs, and -rrhagia means bleeding).
Radical Mastectomy
The whole breast, all of the lymph nodes under the arm, and the chest wall muscles under the breast are removed.
Systolic pressure
(sis-TOL-ick), which occurs when the ventricles contract, is the highest pressure against the walls of an artery. The term systole means contraction of the heart, and systolic means pertaining to this contraction phase.
Clostridium Difficile
(klos-TRID-ee-um dif-us-SEEL), also known as C. diff, is a bacterial infection common to older adults in hospitals or long-term-care facilities, typically following the use of antibiotics that wipe out competing bacteria. This disease causes diarrhea and can lead to inflammation of the colon. Infection control measures such as hand-scrubbing or wearing gloves can help prevent its spread.
Pleurodynia
(ploor-oh-DIN-ee-ah) is a sharp pain that occurs when the inflamed membranes rub against each other with each inhalation ( pleur/o means pleura, and -dynia means pain).
Thoracotomy
(thoh-rah-KOT-toh-mee) is a surgical incision into the chest walls to open the pleural cavity for biopsy or treatment ( thorac means chest, and -otomy means surgical incision). A thoracotomy is used to gain access to the lungs, heart, esophagus, diaphragm, and other organs.
The leading cause of cancer in the United States
Lung
Lymphadenopathy
(lim-fad-eh-NOP-ah-thee) is any disease process affecting a lymph node or nodes ( lymphaden/o means lymph node, and -pathy means disease).
Intussusception
(in-tus-sus-SEP-shun) is the telescoping of one part of the small intestine into the opening of an immediately adjacent part (intussuscept means to take up or to receive within, and -ion means condition). This rare but serious condition is sometimes found in children between three months and six years of age.
Neutrophils
(NEW-troh-fills), which are formed in red bone marrow, are the most common type of WBC. Through phagocytosis, neutrophils play a major role in the immune system’s defense against pathogens, including bacteria, viruses, and fungi. Phagocytosis is the process of destroying pathogens by surrounding and swallowing them. Neutrophils are discussed further in Chapter 6.
DVT
Deep Vein Thrombosis. A medical condition that occurs when a blood clot forms in a deep vein.