Final Exam Review

Energy

100

Difference between a substance that is a good conductor of heat and one that is a good insulator of heat.

The difference is that the good conductor of heat lets the heat come through and the good insulator is something that traps heat.

200

Substances that are good conductors and identify substances that are good insulators. List three of each.

Insulator= Plastic Foam, rubber, wood

Conductor= Sliver, Copper, aluminum 

300

3 different ways that heat is transferred in the world and identify examples of each.

Radiation, Conduction, Convection

Radiation= LIght from the sun or heat from the stove burner

Conduction= A car engine or a metal spoon boiling in hot water

Convection= Boiling water or a steaming cup of tea

400

Define conduction, convection, and radiation.

Conduction- The process by which heat or electricity is directly transmitted through a substance when there is a difference of temperature or of electrical potential between adjoining regions, without movement of the material.

Convection- The movement caused within a fluid by the tendency of hotter and therefore less dense material to rise, and colder, denser material to sink under the influence of gravity, which consequently results in the transfer of heat.

Radiation- The emission of energy as electromagnetic waves or as moving subatomic particles, especially high-energy particles that cause ionization.

500

Write an example of each- conduction, insulation, and radiation 

radiation-heating a tin can of water

conduction- heating a tin can of water using a Bunsen burner. 

convection- Boiling water - The heat passes from the burner into the pot, heating the water at the bottom.

6 state changes of matter

100

Define Melting

make or become liquefied by heat.

200

Define freezing

the freezing point of water.

300

Define condensation

water that collects as droplets on a cold surface when humid air is in contact with it.

400

Define vaporization 

Vaporization (or vaporization) of an element or compound is a phase transition from the liquid phase to vapor. There are two types of vaporization: evaporation and boiling. Evaporation is a surface phenomenon, whereas boiling is a bulk phenomenon.

500

Define sublimation and deposition

Sublimation is the transition of a substance directly from the solid to the gas phase, without passing through the intermediate liquid phase.

Deposition- the action of deposing someone, especially a monarch. 

Life, earth, and physical science

100

Define Life science

Life science is one of the two major branches of natural science, the other being physical science, which is concerned with the non-living matter. By definition, biology is the natural science that studies life and living organisms, with the other life sciences being its sub-disciplines.

200

Define earth science

Earth science or geoscience includes all fields of natural science related to the planet Earth. It is the branch of science dealing with the physical constitution of the earth and its atmosphere. Earth science is the study of our planet’s physical characteristics, from earthquakes to raindrops, and floods to fossils.

300

Define physical science

Physical science is a branch of natural science that studies non-living systems, in contrast to life science. It, in turn, has many branches, each referred to as a "physical science", together called the "physical sciences"

400

give an example of life and earth science

Life- For example, zoology is the study of animals, while botany is the study of plants

Earth- The four basic areas of Earth science study are geology, meteorology, oceanography, and astronomy.

500

example of physical science

 An example of physical science is a course teaching the concepts of energy and gravity.

Scientific method

100

What is it 

A method of procedure that has characterized natural science since the 17th century, consisting in systematic observation, measurement, and experiment, and the formulation, testing, and modification of hypotheses.

200

Steps?

Ask a question, gather information, make a hypothesis, test, analyze data, make a conclusion

300

example of it 

The scientific method is employed when creating and executing an experiment. The purpose of the scientific method is to have a systematic way of testing ideas and reporting results in the process of scientific inquiry.

400

used for

The scientific method is a process for experimentation that is used to explore observations and answer questions.

500

how to use it 

The scientific method. When conducting research, scientists use the scientific method to collect measurable, empirical evidence in an experiment related to a hypothesis (often in the form of an if/then statement), the results aiming to support or contradict a theory. 

energy sources

100

which are renewable sources

wind, solar, geothermal, hydrogen, and hydroelectric

200

define solar energy

radiant energy emitted by the sun.

300

define wind energy

Wind energy is a form of solar energy. Wind energy(or wind power) describes the process by which wind is used to generate electricity. Wind turbines convert the kinetic energy in the wind into mechanical power. A generator can convert mechanical power into electricity.

400

define geothermal energy

Geothermal energy is thermal energy generated and stored in the Earth. ... The adjective geothermal originates from the Greek roots γη (ge), meaning earth, and θερμος (thermos), meaning hot. Earth's internal heat is thermal energy generated from radioactive decay and continual heat loss from Earth's formation.

500

define hydroelectric energy

Hydroelectric energy is energy derived from the movement of water. Water has mass. It falls and flows downward due to gravity. When it moves, it has kinetic energy which can be harnessed.