In this theory, two languages share the same central processing system.
What is the Common Underlying Proficiency (CUP) theory?
100
A program in which content is taught in English but teachers make instructional adaptations to account for the linguistic characteristics of the students.
What is sheltered English immersion?
100
Two languages in society.
What is diglossia?
100
A child acquires two languages at the same time from birth.
What is simultaneous bilingualism?
100
Children are born with an innate capacity fo develop language. Humans have a Language Acquisition Device which contains the grammatical rules common to all language.
What is the nativist view?
200
Under this theory, a minimum level in language proficiency must be passed before a second-language speaker can reap any benefits from language.
What is the threshold theory?
200
A program in which an ESL teacher goes into an English-speaking classroom while the classroom teacher provides instruction.
What is push-in?
200
The study of language in relation to social groups, social class, ethnicity and other interpersonal factors in communication.
What is sociolinguistics?
200
Each parent speaks their own language to the child from birth.
What is the one person-one language approach?
200
Literacy can be a liberator for language minorities, opening a door to empowerment and creating a more fair society.
What is critical literacy?
300
This type of language is context reduced. Examples are analysis, synthesis, evaluation, inferring, and predicting.
What is Cognitive Academic Language Proficiency (CALP)?
300
A program in which Spanish is used in the early grades but gradually the medium of instruction changes to English. The goal is for students to master English.
What is an early-exit transitional bilingual program?
300
An increase in language users, networks and use.
What is language spread?
300
This linguistic phenomenon involves a rule-bound use of another language, changing languages in conversation.
What is codeswitching?
300
Student learning occurs when the present level of understanding is moved to a further level that is within the child's capability.
What is scaffolding?
400
Between 5 and 8 years.
What is the length of time required to acquire CALP?
400
A program in which students study the language with which they have a personal connection.
What is heritage language education?
400
A phenomenon by which grandchildren of immigrants are unable to speak their heritage language.
What is third generation shift?
400
Foreign loan words or phrases that become an integral and permanent part of the recipient language.
What is language borrowing?
400
Two languages are used systematically inside the same lesson.
What is translanguaging?
500
Divergent thinking, creativity, early metalinguistic awareness and communicative sensitivity.
What are the advantages of bilingualism?
500
A program in which two languages are used equally for instruction and where the students belong equally to two linguistic groups.
What is two-way dual-language program?
500
Creating language spread by increasing the number of speakers and uses by, for example, language learning in school is an example of this.
What is acquisition planning?
500
Learners sometimes want to affiliate with a different language community. They want to join in and identify with a different language's cultural activities.
What is integrative motivation?
500
This type of language occurs when there are contextual supports and props for language delivery.