Motivation & Emotion
When we become aware that our brain has detected danger, we have experienced a(n)
a. conscious fear.
b. reappraisal.
c. spillover effect.
d. amygdala activation.
a. conscious fear.
Prejudice is a mixture of all the following EXCEPT
a. generalized beliefs
b. negative emotions
c. hindsight bias
d. predispositions to actions
c. hindsight bias
The MMPI is an example of a
a. projective test.
b. personality inventory
c. self-efficacy test.
d. self-esteem test
b. personality inventory
Reinforcing desired behaviors and withholding reinforcement for undesired behaviors is most central to the process of
a. classical conditioning
b. free association
c. behavior modification
d. progressive relaxation
c. behavior modification
Which of the following is an anxiety disorder that is characterized by constant, excessive, and unjustified anxiety about a wide range of issues and circumstances?
a. panic disorder
b. generalized anxiety disorder
c. agoraphobia
d. posttraumatic stress disorder
b. generalized anxiety disorder
Sally has high achievement motivation. Which of the following will NOT be expected of Sally?
a. financial success
b. poor mental health
c. healthy social relationships
d. good physical health
b. poor mental health
Adjusting our behavior or thinking to coincide with a group standard is called
a. groupthink
b. mood contagion
c. social loafing
d. conformity
d. conformity
The test in which people are asked to make up stories about ambiguous pictures is called the
a. Rorschach inkblot test
b. Thematic Apperception test
c. Implicit Association Test
d. Free Association Test
b. Thematic Apperception test
Biomedical therapists assume that the mind and body are a unit. This means that
a. they can easily be separated
b. therapeutic lifestyle change would be ineffective
c. they are interchangeable
d. if you affect one you affect the other
d. if you affect one you affect the other
Cognitive changes that accompany depression include a(n)
a. decrease in self-focused thinking
b. increased expectation of negative outcomes
c. increased externalization of blame
d. increased obsession with experiencing physical pleasure
b. increased expectation of negative outcomes.
Ned who is extremely thirsty after a 5-mile run, drinks a large bottle of water. Ned's thirst is an example of
a. a drive
b. a need
c. homeostasis
d. an incentive
a. a drive
When we overestimate he extent to which members of other groups are alike, we are perceiving
a. discrimination
b. prejudice
c. outgroup homogeneity
d. conformity
c. outgroup homogeneity
The modern unconscious mind involves _________ that automatically control our perceptions and interpretations.
a. emotions
b. the id
c. schemas
d. our memories
c. schemas
Psychoanalytic techniques are designed to help patients become aware of their repressed thoughts and feelings. In other words, the therapist is helping them gain _________ into the origins of their disorders.
a. analysis
b. interpretation
c. free association
d. insight
d. insight
Unwanted repetitive thoughts and actions are characteristic of
a. generalized anxiety disorder
b. specific phobia
c. posttraumatic stress disorder
d. obsessive-compulsive disorder
d. obsessive-compulsive disorder
Which of the following is not a situational influence on eating?
a. serving size
b. taste preference
c. food variety
d. nutritional nudges
b. taste preference
Jack beging to yawn while he and his roommate are studying for their final exam. Soon his roommate begins to yawn, too. This best illustrates
a. the chameleon effect.
b. social loafing.
c. social facilitation.
d. deindividuation
a. the chameleon effect
Who proposed the social-cognitive perspective?
a. Albert Bandura
b. Justin Kruger
c. David Dunning
d. Martin Seligman
a. Albert Bandura
To help Connie quit biting her nails, a therapist coats her nails with terrible-tasting nail polish. The therapist is using
a. aversive conditioning
b. systematic desensitization
c. cognitive behavioral therapy
d. transference
a. aversive conditioning
Rats that received unpredictable electric shocks in a laboratory experiment became apprehensive when returned to that same setting. This illustrates that anxiety may result from..
a. operant conditioning
b. epigenetic marks
c. reinforcement
d. classical conditioning
d. classical conditioning
Although instinct cannot explain most human motives, he underlying assumption that genes predispose some species-typical behaviors continues in...
a. evolutionary psychology
b. the Yerkes-Dodson law
c. arousal theory
d. drive-reduction theory
a. evolutionary psychology
Social psychologists have observed people's willingness to pick up dropped coins or pencils in elevators in order to study the...
a. self-fulfilling prophecy
b. mere exposure effect
c. reciprocity norm
d. bystander effect
d. bystander effect
Leo thinks that the boys down the block are unusually aggressive. In fact, Leo is the most hostile and aggressive child in the neighborhood. According to psychoanalytic theory, Leo's beliefs hat his neighbors are hostile is a...
a. regression
b. projection
c. denial
d. reaction formation
b. projection
Identifying and eliminating socially stressful conditions that contribute to psychological disorders is of most central interest to the advocates of
a. exposure therapy
b. the biomedical therapies
c. preventative mental health
d. cognitive therapy
c. preventative mental health
Constantly thinking about whether your home is safe from break-ins is to ______, as checking the locks hundreds of times per day is to ________.
a. panic; agoraphobia
b. depression; compulsion
c. panic; phobia
d. obsession; compulsion
d. obsession; compulsion