Unit 1
List one of the general functions controlled by the endocrine system
-regulating development, growth, and metabolism
-maintaining homeostasis of blood composition and volume
-controlling digestive processes
-controlling reproductive activities
What is the circuit that the heart pumps oxygenated blood to
systemic circuit
What are the functional classifications for the respiratory tract
Conduction zone and respiratory zone
List the 3 components of the renal tubule
PCT, nephron loop, DCT
Define what is meant by a half-life
time necessary to reduce a hormones concentration to 1/2 its original level
When a chemical messenger helps initiate a response by causing cellular changes on itself, it is demonstrating ___________ signaling.
autocrine
Eventually lymph fluid will return where
blood circulation
Where does digestion begin
The mouth
Define the glomerular filtration rate (GFR)
rate at which filtrate is formed (volumer per min)
What is the life span of an erythrocyte
120 days
What 2 different lines of cells can a hemocytoblast turn into (and example from each line for a bonus 50 points)
Myeloid line - erythrocytes
Lymphoid line - lymphocytes
Driving hydrostatic force occurs at what end of the capillary
arteriole end
Is intrapleural pressure higher or lower than intrapulmonary pressure
Lower (slightly negative)
What nephron makes up 85% of nephrons
Cortical nephrons (juxtamedullary nephrons are the other type)
What does the term "up-regulation mean"
a cell increases the number of receptors it has for its hormone
What are the 3 reflex mechanisms for regulating secretion of hormones
Hormonal, humoral, nervous stimulations
What valve opens to allow deoxygenated blood into the ventricle (bonus 50 points if you name the alternative name)
Right AV valve (tricuspid)
What enzyme initiates protein digestion
Pepsin
Where does most of the salt and water reabsorption take place
PCT
What happens during the middle stage of hemostasis (describe the events occuring)
Platelet Plug Formation - platelets arrive at site of injury and adhere to exposed collagen fiber
Describe the purpose of the plateau phase
allows for longer muscle contraction and prevents summation; ensures cardiac filling
There is increased PO2, bronchodilation and pulmonary arteriole constriction occurs. What term describes this
Ventilation-perfusion coupling
What is the role of ANP on the urinary system (hint: happens in the glomerulus)
Increases GFR