Ch 1, 3, 5
The Femur is ___________ to the Metatarsal
Proximal
Which bone type secretes a bone matrix until it gets trapped and matures?
Osteoblast
Moving one’s head to the left until your ear touches your shoulder is an example of what movement
Lateral Flexion
Differentiate the 3 types of muscles
Skeletal, Smooth, Cardiac Muscle
What part of the neuron contains the nucleus and other necessary organelles?
Cell Body
What cavity contains the lungs?
Pleural Cavity
Spongy Bone is filled with which bone marrow? What is the function of this bone marrow?
Red Bone marrow produce Red Blood Cells, White Blood Cells, Platelets, etc.
Lydia standing on her tip toes to see out the door peephole is an example of what movement?
Plantarflexion
What is the difference between Depolarization, Repolarization, and Hyperpolarization?
Depolarization: Na+ reaches threshold, channels, open, and creates an action potential, shifting the charge positively
Repolarization: Na+ channels close. K+ channels open and close slowly, causing a decrease in charge
Hyperpolarization: K+ channels close, and charge falls below resting membrane potential
What neuron type is responsible for processing information between sensory and motor neurons?
Interneurons
What organelle makes lipids, detoxifies the cell, and stores calcium?
Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum
How does Calcitonin affect the bones, intestines, and kidneys?
Tone Down blood calcium levels
Which connective tissue helps reduce friction at the end of long bones?
Hyaline cartilage
What molecule holds tropomyosin in place?
Troponin
Of the 3 types of channels (Chemically-gated, Voltage-gated, and Mechanically-gated), which is responsible for sending action potentials along the axon?
Voltage-gated Na+ and K+
List the correct order of the skin layers (Superficial to deep)
Stratum Corneum, Lucidum, Granulosum, Spinosum, Basale (Basement)
Put the Intramembranous Ossification in order
1. Mesenchymal cells cluster differentiate into Osteoblasts → secrete bone matrix
2. Bone grows out in stall struts
3. Blood vessels enter area
4. Continuous Deposition of bone by Osteoblasts close to blood vessel
5. Remodeling around vessels → Osteons of compact bone
Which connective tissue gives strength in multiple directions, such as in the dermis of the skin and around visceral organs?
Dense Irregular
What happens when there’s not enough ATP?
Without ATP, we’ll be stuck contracted, muscles unable to rest.
What neuroglia prevents the CNS from regenerating?
Astrocyte forms scar tissue after injury
What are the 2 layers of the Dermis? And which has the Meissner corpuscles?
Papillary Layer – Meissner
Reticular Layer
Put the Endochondral Ossification in order
1. Cartilage Model Enlarges
2. Blood vessels grow around the edge of cartilage model
3. Blood vessels penetrate cartilage and enter the middle/center
4. Growth continues along with remodeling
5. Capillaries and osteoblasts migrate into the epiphyses
6. Epiphyses fill with spongy bone
7. Bone grows in length at the epiphyseal cartilage
Which epithelial tissue provides secretion and absorption in the respiratory tracts and also secretes mucus with the help of goblet cells?
Simple Columnar Tissue
What is the purpose of ACh, Na+, and Ca++?
ACh - Diffuse across the synaptic cleft and alter the sarcolemma’s permeability to Na+, causing Na+ to rush into the cell
Na+ - Starts and Continues the Action Potential
Ca+ - Binds to Troponin, exposing the active sites on the thin filaments
What is Summation?
The net/collective effect of EPSPs and IPSPs that determines if an action potential occurs