One
Which of the following structures closes over the trachea to protect it during swallowing?
Epiglottis
A wound in which the epidermis is scraped away with minimal bleeding, such as commonly occurs when a child falls on his knees on a sidewalk, is called a(n):
abrasion
Which of the following is the most important thing you can do when treating patients during a public crisis related to a newly recognized infectious disease?
Follow the recommendations of the CDC and your local health department.
You should have a keen awareness that there may be injuries based on your scene size-up. This is known as which of the following?
Index of suspicion
In which of the following situations would the administration of aspirin to a cardiac patient be prohibited?
The patient has a gastrointestinal ulcer.
The National Registry of Emergency Medical Technicians (NREMT) was founded to establish which of the following?
National standards for emergency medical services personnel
With regard to anatomical locations, which of the following is not true?
The mouth is proximal to the nose
The chest cavity can hold up to ________ liter(s) of blood in an adult, leading to the possibility of massive internal hemorrhage without any external blood loss.
3
When should the EMT evaluate the need for Standard Precautions?
An evaluation should be made throughout the call.
Which of the following is the EMT's role in caring for a patient presenting with symptoms of anxiety, irritability, a short temper, and chest pain with shortness of breath?
Treat the patient as though he were having a heart problem.
You observe a coworker telling a terminal cancer patient and her family, "Everything will be okay." Making false reassurances is considered:
naive and uncompassionate
Infancy is defined as the stage of life from birth to:
12 months.
Which of the following injuries may produce distended neck veins?
All of the above
You have just arrived on the scene of a motor vehicle collision in which a compact car was struck from behind by a delivery truck. The driver of the delivery truck is standing outside his vehicle talking to police when you arrive, but the driver of the car is still seated in the driver's seat. You have noted moderate damage to the rear of the car. For which of the following injuries should you have the highest level of suspicion?
Neck injury
Which of the following is not a typical indication of congestive heart failure (CHF)?
Weight loss
In which of the following situations should an EMT withhold resuscitative measures from a patient in cardiac arrest?
The patient's caregiver presents a DNR order signed by the patient and his physician.
What is the stage of development where there are several physiological and psychosocial changes, second only to those seen in infancy or adolescence?
Late adulthood
You respond to a farm for a possible snake bite. You find a 36-year-old male patient seated against a tree. Bystanders state the patient was bitten on the arm by a rattlesnake and is "really sick." As you approach, you notice that the patient appears to be in obvious distress and is diaphoretic and holding his right wrist. Which of the following is your highest priority?
Confirm the location and status of the snake
Which of the following is the proper position for maintaining the airway in a child with a decreased level of consciousness?
Placing the head and neck in a neutral position; using a folded towel under the shoulders if necessary
Which of the following should NOT be done during defibrillation?
Continued ventilation during the analysis phase to prevent hypoxia
You respond to a large concert venue where a number of spectators are reported to be severely intoxicated. You are directed to an area where several patients appear to be unconscious, lying face down on the ground. The position of these patients is described as:
prone
What color is the patient's skin if it is described as being cyanotic?
Blue-gray
You are assessing a newborn patient 1 minute after delivery. You notice the patient has blue extremities with a pink trunk, a pulse of 120, and strong crying with good movement of all extremities. What is the newborn's APGAR score?
9
Your patient is a 33-year-old man who has been ejected from his vehicle during a high-speed collision. During your primary assessment it is discovered that he is not moving, does not appear to have adequate respirations, and has suffered moderate external bleeding. Which of the following should be done first?
Open the airway.
Which of the following is NOT a reason that an AED may indicate that there is "no shock advised"?
The patient is in ventricular fibrillation or ventricular tachycardia.
When carbon dioxide is not exchanged, the net result is high carbon dioxide, a condition called ________, within the body.
hypercapnia
Once you have reached a possible diagnosis for a patient, you should:
continue to look for data that will help rule in or rule out other conditions.
Which of the following best describes the events that occur during the first stage of labor?
Thinning and dilation of the cervix
When you give patients nitroglycerin, they sometimes develop a headache. This would be called a(n):
side effect
Which of the following best explains the reason for minimizing scene time for the trauma patient with significant hemorrhage or the potential for significant hemorrhage?
It is essential to get the shock patient to more definitive care.
The portion of the patient care report in which the EMT writes his description of the patient's presentation, assessment findings, treatment, and transport information is called the:
narrative
You are on the scene in the bad part of town for an unresponsive 18-year-old type 1 diabetic patient. His mother states that he is very noncompliant with his diabetes management and often goes unresponsive due to low blood sugar. After performing the primary assessment, you believe that this is the most likely cause of his unresponsiveness. However, after taking a capillary glucose reading you are surprised to see that the patient's sugar level is normal. How will you now determine the field diagnosis?
Continue patient care by getting a complete SAMPLE history and perform a complete secondary assessment.
Which organ is the principal organ of the renal system?
Kidney
Which of the following statements concerning oxygen is true?
Never withhold oxygen from any patient who needs it
Your patient is a 6-year-old child who has fallen down while running on a sidewalk. She has abrasions on both knees and the palms of both hands, which are oozing blood. This is an example of bleeding from which of the following types of vessels?
Capillaries
A patient who demonstrates any one of the three symptoms from the Cincinnati Prehospital Stroke Scale has a(n) ________% chance of having an acute stroke.
70
An unconscious trauma patient should always be assumed to have which of the following types of injury?
Spine
The cardiac muscle receives its supply of oxygenated blood by which of the following mechanisms?
Coronary arteries that branch off the aorta
The symptoms or circumstances for which a medication is given are called:
indications
Which of the following is the major cause of shock that the EMT will encounter?
Hemorrhage
Which of the following is an action caused by epinephrine in anaphylaxis?
Vasoconstriction
You are called for a 58-year-old male who is concerned that his blood pressure is too high. He tells you that he has had a headache and is feeling a little dizzy. You notice that his skin is flushed and feels warm to the touch. As you finish taking his vital signs, you should:
write down the patient's vital signs.
Which of the following is a disadvantage of oropharyngeal airways (OPAs)?
They cannot be used in a patient with a gag reflex
While caring for a 3-year-old child, you should be concerned if his respiratory rate exceeds ________ breaths per minute.
30
Your patient is a 20-year-old college student who has fallen from a third-level balcony onto a wooden deck below. The patient responds to verbal stimuli, is pale in color with moist skin, and has a very obvious deformity with protruding bone ends of his right forearm. Which of the following is the best sequence of intervention for this patient?
Provide manual in-line stabilization of the cervical spine along with assessment of breathing, pulse, and the presence of significant hemorrhage; apply high-concentration oxygen; perform a rapid trauma exam; immobilize to a long backboard; transport; and splint the extremity en route if time and resources allow.
How many times per week do the majority of American hemodialysis patients receive treatment?
Three
You are transporting a patient whom you are treating for chest pain. You have completed all of your assessments and are writing down some of his personal information such as his address and phone number. As the patient is speaking, you notice that he is having increasing difficulty breathing. You should:
immediately repeat your primary assessment
Perhaps the simplest way to determine if a patient has a patent airway is to:
say "hello."
You are ventilating a 6-year-old child and note that his heart rate has decreased from 70 to 54. Which of the following is not appropriate?
Notify medical control that the patient's condition has improved.
Which of the following is appropriate in the examination of a painful, swollen extremity of a conscious patient?
Comparing the injured side to the uninjured side