Foundations and History of Public Health
He was a microbiologist (would now be considered immunology) that greatly contributed to the public health era focused on Germ Theory. He had achievements in the prevention of infectious disease through ideas about vaccinations and pasteurization.
Who is Louis Pasteur?
This term uses data to answer who, when, and where questions about diseases and is used to generate hypotheses about the disease or health condition.
What Descriptive Epidemiology?
This is defined as diseases due to an organism such as bacteria or a virus that is transmitted person to person or from animals or the physical environment to humans by a variety of routes.
What are communicable diseases?
This model of behavior change emphasizes multiple levels of influence(such as individual, interpersonal,
organizational, community and public
policy) and the idea that behaviors both
shape and are shaped by the social
environment.
What are Socio-ecological model?
This is the leading cause of death for women in the United States.
What is heart disease?
This is the primary national health agency/entity in the US that is responsible to enhance and protect the wellbeing of Americans?
What is the US Department of Health and Human Services?
This type of study design is considered to be the "gold standard"
What is a randomized control trial?
The following factors influence which type of diseases:
What are new and emerging diseases?
This level of influence is the Diffusion of Innovation focus on for behavior change.
What is the community level?
This is a lack of access to foods to support healthy dietary patters and is associated with poor health outcomes such as chronic diseases like diabetes, cardiovascular disease and cancer.
What is Food Insecurity?
These are the 3 core functions of public health.
What are assessment, policy development and assurance?
This measure of disease occurrence is used to express the rate of NEW cases of a disease in a population over a specified defined period of time.
What is an incidence rate?
The following are what type of disease:
Cancer, Cardiovascular Disease, Alzheimer's
What are non-communicable diseases?
The Health Belief Model focus on for behavior change is this level of influence?
What is individual and interpersonal?
The Dietary Guidelines for Americans state that Americans should limit foods and beverages high in added sugars. Added sugars should be less than what percent of an individual’s daily total caloric intake?
What was 10%?
They are the underlying factors that bring about disease; the “causes of causes”.
What are social determinants of health?
The term is used to describe the continuous, systematic collection, analysis and interpretation of health-related data needed for the monitoring and understanding of health problems and the planning, implementation, and evaluation of public health interventions.
What is Public Health Surveillance
In the chain of infection, a disease-producing agent leaves its reservoir through this.
What is the portal of exit?
This behavioral model has been used to understand childhood obesity?
What is the Socio-ecological model?
The Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) assists in regulating environmental policies in the United States, this regulation is a federal law that regulates the safety of public drinking water.
What was the Safe Drinking Water Act?
The customized distribution of resources and opportunities across a population to ensure no subset of groups are at a particular disadvantage over others in achieving their maximum potential.
What is equity?
The number of cases of a disease, number of infected people, or number of people with some other attribute present during a particular interval of time.
Who is prevelance?
Though it was once thought to be under good control, active _____________ returned as a public health threat shortly after the beginning of the AIDS epidemic.
What is Tuberculosis?
This is is an action to maintain, attain, or regain good health and to prevent illness – can also be a risk factor.
What is a Health Behavior?
According to the APHA, this is a state of well-being in which the individual realizes his or her own abilities, can cope with the normal stresses of life, can work productively and fruitfully and is able to make a contribution to his or her community.
What is Mental Health?