Unit 1
Why was the Abbasid caliphate the “Golden Age” of Islam?
Increases in trade and the spread of Islam.
What was the impact of the silk road on cities such as Kashgard and Samarkand?
Stopping points of cultural exchange, boomed overnight.
What is a gunpowder empire, and what were the three most prominent ones?
A gunpowder empire is an empire that relies on mainly artillery as a weapon. The three most prominent ones were the Ottomans, the Mughals and the Safavids.
What fueled the transatlantic slave trade?
The need for agricultural laborers in the Americas.
What was the enlightenment, in simple terms?
The enlightenment was a period in Europe where people turned to reason and logic instead of the bible for answers about the world.
Which Caste was the highest up in social standing in Hinduism?
Brahmin (Priest)
What is Mansa Musa most known for?
His pilgrimage to mecca, in which he showed off his riches and brought fame to himself and Mali.
Who was Martin Luther and what was the purpose of his 95 theses?
Martin Luther led the protestant revolution against the roman catholic church, and his 95 theses outlined and detailed his reasons for doing, including simony.
What was the treaty of Tordesillas?
Treaty between Spain and Portugal so that they would stop fighting of the territory of the Americas, granted each the land on either side of a line.
Who wrote the “Two Treatises of Government”?
John Locke
What was is the “Mandate of Heaven” and how did it impact song dynasty China?
The mandate of heaven is the idea that kings and rulers are given the right to rule by god himself, and that because of that, no one could challenge them.
What does “Pax Mongolia” mean and refer to?
The century and half of peace in Eurasia and along the silk roads during Mongolian rule, due to them having control over most of Asia and parts of Europe.
What Mughal emperor removed the jizya tax and took a Hindu bride?
Akbar
How did the arrival of Europeans to the Americas impact the natives?
The Europeans spread disease, and killed the natives, causing about 90% of the population to be lost
What three ideas were being challenged during the enlightenment?
Patriarchy, Slavery, Monarchy
Of the Maya, Aztecs, and Inca, which two were in a similar geographical area?
The maya and Aztecs were both located in parts of Mexico, the Aztecs arose with the downfall of the Mayas.
What unique skills did the Mongol Empire have that allowed their military to thrive?
They were skilled archers, and knew how to ride a horse while shooting at the enemy. They could use long distance combat, while the rest of Eurasia was still using close hand combat.
What is the devshirme system?
In the ottoman empire, they would take young Christian boys from conquered lands to become soldiers. They would educate them, and convert them to Islam.
What is mercantilism and how did it drive colonialism?
Mercantilism is the economic idea that there is only so much wealth in the world, and every countries goal is to have as much wealth as they can to themselves. Since wealth was measured through minerals, and the Americas had minerals, countries raced to obtain this wealth.
What was the purpose of the Seneca Falls Convention?
Kick started women’s suffrage movement in the US
What influence did the Mayans have on the Aztec and Incan empire?
A=The Mayans impacted the Aztec and Incan empires and how they did religion and sacrifice.
C=The Aztecs did human sacrifice and blood letting similarly to how the Mayans had, except they added blood letting
E=They would do this as a sacrifice to the sun god, they needed the sun because they were an agrarian society. This ideal of an agrarian society was also passed down from the Mayans
How are the growth of trade routes and the formation of empires associated?
A= Growth of trade routes promote the formation of empires because of cultural convergence and growth of population
C=Trade routes brought people of many cultures and religions together to places such as the Mongol empire.
E= More people implies more growth socially, economically, and with land mass. This economic growth is what forms empires, and is due to said trade routes.
What is an Empire?
C=Because of this, empires had to be somewhat culturally and religiously tolerant, and their laws had to reflect that
E= The concept of a bureaucracy helped to organize a gov't in this manner. This is because people were united under the leaders rule.
Define the Columbian Exchange and list one positive and one negative consequence of this event.
A= The Columbian exchange was the exchange of crops, animals, diseases, and culture across the new and old world. A positive consequence was diets expanding and a negative one was disease.
C= Diets and agriculture expanded with potatoes and cacao going to the old world and sugarcane and tobacco going to the new world. The Europeans also brought over smallpox to the Americas, diseases that the natives don't have immunity to.
E= Sugarcane and tobacco became cash crops which brought more profit to the Europeans', and the smallpox killed almost 90% of the native population
What is the difference between skilled and unskilled labor? How would this influence someone's decision to support capitalism vs communism?
A= Skilled labor requires no specific traiing whereas unskilled labor does not require specific training. Skilled laborers are more likely to support capitalism, and unskilled laborers are more likely to support capitalism.
C= This is because in capitalism, your working for your own benefit, and skilled worker have put the time in to learn, and have more money as a reuslt. Unskilled workers have not been able to put the time and money in, and would support communism, a system that benefits them.
E= For example, a doctor will be happy making more money, since they put more effort in, whereas a cashier would want the money a doctor wants, even though that do not put as much effort in.