Unit 1: Maps and Measurements
Unit 2: Dynamic Earth
Unit 3: Rocks and Minerals
Unit 4: Landscapes
Misc
100
Denver is at approximately 39.7°N and 105.0°W. What would be the approximate altitude of Polaris?
39.7°
Polaris= latitude
100
Which layer of Earth's interior is partially melted and contains convection currents responsible for Earth's plate movements
Asthenosphere
You can see the convection currents on pg 10 and it says partially melted there as well
100
Which mineral is commonly used as an industrial abrasive?
Garnet- esrt pg 16
100
Small samples of marble, limestone, quartzite and sandstone of roughly the same size are put into a blender. Which is most likely to remain whole?
Quartzite (ESRT pg 7)
High mineral hardness (quartz has a high hardness)Metamorphic
100
Which temperature layer of Earth's atmosphere has the highest possible temperatures?
Thermosphere
- pg 14
- Temperature goes over 100°C
200
Why are Seattle and Los Angeles in the same time zone?
They have roughly the same longitude. Both are on the west coast and time zone.
200
Identify two plates that make a divergent plate boundary in the Northwest hemisphere
North American Plate, Eurasian Plate
North American Plate, African Plate
200
Despite both being made entirely of carbon, why is diamond harder than graphite?
Internal arrangement of atoms (This has no explanation, it's just a definition question)
200
Draw the cross section of meander DEF
Cross section should lean towards D because D i9s on the outside of the meander and therefore faster
200
The movement of materials due to differences in density, typically caused by differences in temperature is called
Convection
Since hotter material is less dense, it will rise. As it moves from the heat source, it cools down and becomes more dense and sinks back down.300
What is the highest possible value for point X?
549 units
Since the interval is 50, the next line would be 550. It's not at the 550 line yet so it should be 549.
300
Which type of plate boundary is closest to 100°E, 55°S
Divergent, specifically on the Southeast Indian Ridge
ESRT pg 5300
Describe how crystalline dolostone would form
Something about supresaturated fluids or chemical precipitates and evaporites (think sea salt and/or childrens' tears)
300
The Catskills are not a mountain, they are
Plateaus because they have sedimentary bedrock (ESRT pgs 2 and 3)
300
An igneous rock is found in Sheeps Meadow in Central Park. How do we know this is a glacial erratic?
Glacial erratics are large sediments deposited from a melting glacier. Glacial erratics are going to be made of a different parent rock than the local bedrock. Since there is no local igneous bedrock, we know it was deposited otherwise.
400
What is the approximate gradient between points X and Y?
30 ft/ mile
There are three lines so point X is either 560 or 440 ft. That's a 60 ft difference in field value. Distance between X and Y is aobut 2 miles. 60 ft/ 2 miles= 30ft/ mi400
An earthquake 3000 km away receives the first P-wave at 1:07:00 PM, what time did the Earthquake start?
1:01:20
The sequence of events is
Earthquake-> P-wave arrival-> S-wave arrival
At a distance of 3000 km, the P-wave takes 5 minutes and 40 seconds so 00:05:40 before the P-wave arrival is the earthquake start time
400
Identify a metamorphic rock that contains Amphibole and Feldspar but not pyroxene
Phyllite (and some schist)
ESRT pg 7, composition column
400
Aside from limestone and dolostone, identify two rocks most likely to weather to create sinkholes in the same climate conditions?
Marble and rock salt
The weather condition that we're looking for is hot and humid. Marble will react with acid rain just like limestone. Rock salt will dissolve because it's salt and water.400
Quartz of roughly 0.07cm is compacted and cemented and then changed through contact metamorphism. What rock is left?
Quartzite or hornfels
0.07cm is Sand, so you get sandstone (pg 7). Heat and pressure through contact metamorphism leaves you with a metamorphic rock, which in this case is either quartzite or hornfels based on the comments column
500
Identify one piece of evidence that suggests Deep River moves south-southwest
V points to the top of the river
Ocean has a value of 0, so the numbers are increasing going north
500
A seismic station receives its first P-wave at 12:38:40 and its first S-wave at 12:44:20. How far away was the earthquake?
4000km
The time difference is 5 minutes and 40 seconds. Using the wedge method on pg 11, you follow the top and bottom to see 4000 km.
500
Identify an igneous rock that cooled rapidly and contains visible quartz and plagioclase feldspar crystals
Rhyolite or vesicular rhyolite-
Pg 6 for igneous rocks. Since it says "visible," the rock cannot be glassy which leaves just vesicular rhyolite and rhyolite
500
Which two locations will have the slowest moving water?
A and F
They are both on the inside of the curve, which moves slower than the outside.
500
Black sand beaches are typically made from basalt weathering down. Which MINERAL should compose the majority of the black sand?
Amphibole. Basalt contains various minerals. The two black minerals are biotite and amphibole. Amphibole has a higher hardness therefore it is more likely to remain despite weathering.