Atomic Structure and Matter
Which group of elements on the periodic table is known as the "alkali metals"?
a. Group 1
b. Group 7
c. Group 14
d. Group 18
Group 1
Which subatomic particle is primarily responsible for the chemical behavior of an element?
a. Proton
b. Electron
c. Neutron
d. Nucleus
b. Electron
Which factor plays a significant role in determining how atoms will interact in a chemical reaction?
a. Number of protons
b. Outermost electron configuration
c. Atomic mass
d. State of matter
b. Outermost electron configuration
Which type of reaction absorbs energy from its surroundings?
a. Endothermic
b. Exothermic
c. Combustion
d. Synthesis
a. Endothermic
What does a mole measure?
specific measure of the number of atoms or molecules in a bulk sample of matter.
LARGE QUANTITIES
What is the defining characteristic of noble gasses in terms of electron configuration?
a. They tend to gain electrons easily
b. They have a full outermost energy level of electrons
c. They are highly reactive with other elements
d. They have a tendency to lose electrons
B. They have a full outermost energy level of electrons
Silicon is located in which group of the periodic table?
a. Group 13
b. Group 14
c. Group 16
d. Group 18
b. Group 14
12. How do trends in the periodic table influence the outcome of chemical reactions?
a. They affect the color of the reactants
b. They impact the rate of the reaction
c. They determine the products formed
d. They have no effect on chemical reactions
They determine the products formed
When chemical bonds are broken, what happens to the energy?
a. Energy is released
b. Energy is absorbed
c. Energy stays the same
d. Energy is converted to light
b. Energy is absorbed
What is Avogadro’s number?
6.022x10^23
In which group of the periodic table are the alkaline earth metals located?
a. Group 1
b. Group 2
c. Group 3
d. Group 4
B. Group 2
8. What is the general trend of atomic size as you move from left to right across a period on the periodic table?
a. Increases
b. Decreases
c. Stays the same
d. Fluctuates
B. Decreases
13. What role do the outermost electron states of atoms play in chemical reactions?
a. They determine the isotope formed
b. They influence the reactivity of atoms
c. They control the temperature of the reaction
d. They regulate the pressure exerted
b. They influence the reactivity of atoms
In an exothermic reaction, how does the total bond energy compare between reactants and products?
a. Total bond energy decreases in products
b. Total bond energy increases in products
c. Total bond energy stays the same in products
d. Total bond energy is only in the reactants
b. Total bond energy increases in products
What is the Law of Conservation of Mass and why is it relevant to stoichiometry?
that mass is neither created nor destroyed in chemical reactions.
the mass of each element present in the products side of the chemical reaction should be equal to the mass of each present in the reactants side.
4. Which of the following elements is a halogen?
B. Fluorine
9. Which element is the most electronegative based on its position in the periodic table?
a. Lithium
b. Oxygen
c. Potassium
d. Neon
B. Oxygen
14. How does knowledge of the patterns of chemical properties contribute to the explanation of a chemical reaction?
a. It helps predict the behavior of reactants
b. It alters the speed of the reaction
c. It changes the state of matter
d. It determines the shape of the reaction vessel
a. It helps predict the behavior of reactants
5. What do elements in the same group on the periodic table have in common?
a. Number of protons
b. Atomic mass
c. Number of neutrons
d. Number of valence electrons
d. Number of valence electrons
What is the term for the energy required to remove an electron from an atom?
a. Atomic radius
b. Electron affinity
c. Ionization energy
d. Electronegativity
c. Ionization energy
15. When revising an explanation for a chemical reaction outcome, what aspect should be considered regarding the atoms involved?
a. Their atomic number
b. Their location in the periodic table
c. Their atomic mass
d. Their melting point
b. Their location in the periodic table