CH 11: Cog Dev Middle Childhood
Jamie collects coins and has been able to organize them by country and metal. What aspect of concrete operations is Jamie exhibiting?
A) conservation
B) classification
C) planning
D) metacognition
B) classification
Which of the following describes the effect of schooling on memory?
A) Schooling has no effect on memory.
B) Schooling increases children's overall biological memory capacity.
C) Schooling appears to teach children strategies for remembering.
D) Schooling has no effect on the ability to reflect on one's own memory.
C) Schooling appears to teach children strategies for remembering.
The key to developmental changes in friendship during middle childhood is:
A) biological maturation.
B) game playing.
C) moral reasoning.
D) the ability to take another's perspective.
D) the ability to take another's perspective.
While the results of studies are mixed, the overall effect of early maturation for girls appears to be:
A) minimal.
B) short-lived.
C) more negative than positive.
D) more positive than negative.
C) more negative than positive.
Steal!- Points earned come from a different team
What is metacognition?
A) knowledge about the process of memory.
B) the ability to think about one's own thoughts.
C) a hypothesis that explains cognitive development during middle childhood.
D) the combination of the following cognitive skills: attention, memory, and planning.
B) the ability to think about one's own thoughts.
Today's intelligence tests assume intelligence involves which of the following:
A) processing speed
B) working memory
C) visual spatial reasoning
D) All of the above
D) All of the above
Top-down mathematics instruction begins with:
A) drill and practice on basic procedures.
B) teaching strategies such as inversion.
C) children teaching the teacher.
D) problems that relate to children's real-world experiences.
D) problems that relate to children's real-world experiences.
Bullies tend to:
A) have poor social-information processing skills.
B) always have superior math abilities.
C) use their well-developed social-information processing skills in an antisocial way.
D) never be popular.
C) use their well-developed social-information processing skills in an antisocial way.
Another name for formal operations is ____________ because at this stage children can apply operations to operations.
A) second-order operations
B) concrete operations
C) double operations
D) abstract operations
A) second-order operations
Double points!
Anatomical and physiological signs that outwardly differentiate males and females (not only based on genitalia) are:
A) gonadotrophic hormones.
B) primary sexual characteristics.
C) ovulation and spermatogenesis.
D) secondary sexual characteristics.
D) secondary sexual characteristics.
All of the following are processes that are involved in intelligence according to Gardner's theory of multiple intelligences:
A) Innate biological basis.
B) emphasis on culture.
C) education given to children.
D) romantic relationships.
D) romantic relationships.
The effects of school on 5- to 6-year-old children's cognitive abilities can be best studied:
A) in cultures where schooling is available to only parts of the population.
B) by removing children from school and comparing them with children who stay in school.
C) by comparing traditional instructional strategies with strategies based on Vygotsky's theory.
D) by comparing adolescents who have remained in school with peers who have dropped out.
A) in cultures where schooling is available to only parts of the population.
Beth is in middle childhood and thinks that the way her mother dresses is embarrassing. She is experiencing a process known as:
A) moral reasoning.
B) coregulation.
C) de-idealization.
D) parental ethnotheory.
C) de-idealization.
A pattern in which the average age of puberty in developed countries declines across decades is referred to as:
A) secular trend.
B) precocious puberty.
C) late maturation.
D) early maturation.
A) secular trend.
Bonus! 2-choice elimination for a future question
Reciprocal teaching methods for increasing comprehension skills fit BEST with which theorist's views on development?
A) Skinner's operant conditioning
B) Freud's psychosocial approach
C) Piaget's constructivist approach
D) Vygotsky's zone of proximal development
D) Vygotsky's zone of proximal development
Concrete operational thinking allows children to mentally:
A) combine, separate, order, and transform objects and actions.
B) represent symbolic conceptual categories.
C) represent events from the past.
D) direct action toward an object and expect a consequence (e.g., kick a mobile and expect it to move)
A) combine, separate, order, and transform objects and actions.
Ms. Gui is an elementary school teacher. When she asks a student to give an answer that she already knows, she is using:
A) retroactive practice.
B) practical knowledge.
C) instructional discourse.
D) metacognitive discourse.
C) instructional discourse.
Sarah is concerned with social standards and rules when she thinks about moral dilemmas. Kohlberg would say that she is at the ____________ level of moral development.
A) preconventional
B) conventional
C) postconventional
D) unconventional
B) conventional
Piaget felt that formal operational thinking differed from concrete operational thinking because it allows the individual to finally:
A) mentally combine, separate, and order objects and actions.
B) use morality in their reasoning.
C) realize that certain properties of an object will remain the same even if other superficial ones are altered.
D) systematically solve problems by considering all possible combinations of variables.
D) systematically solve problems by considering all possible combinations of variables.
Steal!- Points earned come from a different team
Children understand that legitimate social rules enable cooperation with others through all of the following, EXCEPT:
A) negotiating plans.
B) settling disagreements.
C) keeping and breaking promises.
D) making up arbitrary rules.
D) making up arbitrary rules.
Identity refers to understanding that:
A) properties of an object change when the object looks different.
B) one mental operation can be reversed by the effects of another.
C) changes in one aspect of a problem are compensated for by changes in another.
D) changes limited to outside appearance do not change the amounts involved.
D) changes limited to outside appearance do not change the amounts involved.
When Mr. Johnson and a small group of students read silently through a portion of text and then take turns leading a discussion of its meaning, what has taken place?
A) reciprocal teaching
B) integrated teaching
C) collaborative teaching
D) individualized teaching
A) reciprocal teaching
According to Erikson, the main challenge of middle childhood is that of industry versus inferiority, meaning that a child establishes a sense of:
A) self.
B) identity.
C) intimacy.
D) competence.
D) competence.
Scholars have speculated that in early adolescence there is a gap between intense emotions triggered by pubertal hormones and the brains' ability to regulate them. The adolescent is especially vulnerable to risk-taking, recklessness, and emotional problems until:
A) the maturation of synapses in the brain is complete.
B) the maturation of the frontal lobes is complete.
C) the maturation of the hypothalamus is complete.
D) the set-point is hit on the hormonal feedback loop.
B) the maturation of the frontal lobes is complete.
Bonus!
Effective culturally-adaptive instruction for Odawa Indian children included:
A) much specific praise for individual work such as following up a correct answer by saying, "good."
B) avoiding the recitation-script and known-answer questions.
C) addressing the children as a group and reprimanding students in private.
D) assisting students to complete work individually.
C) addressing the children as a group and reprimanding students in private.
+300 points