Japanese Industrialization
Why did Western countries like Great Britain, the Netherlands, and Russia want access to Japan in the 1800s?
a) To spread Christianity
b) To study Japanese culture
c) To sell goods and refuel ships traveling from China
d) To colonize Japan
Answer: c) To sell goods and refuel ships traveling from China
Which of the following Enlightenment ideas emphasizes observation and experience over faith or tradition?
a) Deism
b) Empiricism
c) Capitalism
d) Individualism
Answer: b) Empiricism
Which reform did Robert Owen support?
a) Education for children who worked
b) Increased power for monarchs
c) Child labor in factories
d) Expansion of private enterprise
Answer: a) Education for children who worked
Why is Richard Arkwright often called "the father of factory"?
a) He invented electricity powered textile machines
b) His waterframe helped start large scale factory production
c) He introduced child labor laws
d) He built the first electric loom
Answer: b) His waterframe helped start large scale factory production
What innovation made steel production faster and more efficient during the Industrial Revolution?
a) The Iron Forge Method
b) The Carbon Fusion Process
c) The Alloy Technique
d) The Bessemer Process
Answer: d) The Bessemer Process
Who was the Haitian leader who declared Haiti permanently independent?
a) Toussaint L'Ouveture
b) Jean-Jacques Dessalines
c) Simon Bolivar
d) Thomas Jefferson
Answer: b) Jean-Jacques Dessalines
Which American figure played a major role in opening trade between the United States and Japan in 1853?
a) Theodore Roosevelt
b) Matthew Perry
c) Thomas Jefferson
d) Andrew Jackson
Answer: b) Matthew Perry
Which concept from the Enlightenment inspired people to take pride in their language, culture, and traditions?
a) Nationalism
b) Empiricism
c) Individualism
d) Citizenship
Answer: a) Nationalism
What did Utopian Socialists. believe about how society should be organized?
a) Governments should remain hands-off in economic matters
b) Ideal communities should include ownership of private industry
c) Society could be improved through ideal communities with public ownership over production
d) Class struggle is a necessary part of progress
Answer: c) Society could be improved through ideal communities with public ownership over production
What does Division of Labor mean in the context of factory work?
a) Work is divided into simple tasks, and not everyone needs to be skilled
b) All workers are equally skilled
c) Workers are rotated though every job
d) Everyone does the same task
Answer: a) Work is divided into simple tasks, and not everyone needs to be skilled
The Bessemer Process combined which two materials to create steel?
a) Copper and Tin
b) Iron and Carbon
c) Iron and Nickel
d) Carbon and Aluminum
Answer: b) Iron and Carbon
What document was heavily influenced by John Locke and written during the American Revolution?
a) The Jamaica Letter
b) The Haitian Constitution
c) The Declaration of Independence
d) The Magna Carta
Answer: c) The Declaration of Independence
What was Japan's response after observing how China was treated by Western powers?
a) They completely isolated themselves
b) They declared war on Europe
c) They adopted Defensive Industrialization
d) They asked China for help
Answer: c) They adopted Defensive Industrialization
What is the definition of capitalism, according to Enlightenment thought?
a) The state owns all of the property
b) Wealth is equally shared among all citizens
c) The means of production are privately owned and operated for profit
d) Only nobles engage in trade
Answer: c) The means of production are privately owned and operated for profit
What was Henri Saint Simon's primary belief about improving society?
a) The government should be abolished completely
b) Only the wealthy elite should govern
c) Religion should be the foundation of all progress
d) Scientists, engineers, and businesses should collaborate to create jobs and useful products
Answer:
d) Scientists, engineers, and businesses should collaborate to create jobs and useful products
How did British colonial control affect mining in India?
a) It encouraged new mining techniques
b) It led to increased production and export of iron
c) Indian mines became world leaders in iron output
d) High taxes and laws like the Arms Act of 1878 discouraged mining
Answer: d) High taxes and laws like the Arms Act of 1878 discouraged mining
What was one major effect of the Transcontinental Railroad in the United States?
a) It led to a decline in industrial growth
b) It made the U.S. more isolate from world trade
c) It connected the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans and supported industrial growth
d) It was mostly used for tourism
Answer: c) It connected the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans and supported industrial growth
Who wrote the "Jamaica Letter" and why?
a) Jean-Jacques Dessalines, to inspire Haitian slaves
b) L'Ouveture, to declare Haitian independence
c) Thomas Jefferson, to promote American ideals
d) Simon Bolivar, to encourage Creoles to support independence
Answer: d) Simon Bolivar, to encourage Creoles to support independence
What type of government was established during the Meiji Restoration?
a) Absolute monarchy
b) Military dictatorship
c) Communist state
d) Constitutional monarchy
Answer: d) Constitutional monarchy
How did Enlightenment ideas influence global events during the 18th and 19th centuries?
a) They caused countries to ban science
b) They inspired revolutions and reform movements around the world
c) They strengthened monarchies and the church
d) They ended trade between nations
Answer: b) They inspired revolutions and reform movements around the world
How did Thomas Hobbes describe life in a person's natural state?
a) Joyful and peaceful
b) Cooperative and Harmonious
c) Nasty, brutish, and short
d) Governed by divine rule
Answer: c) Nasty, brutish, and short
What was the primary benefit of the Spinning Jenny invented by James Hargraves?
a) It allowed one person to weave multiple colors
b) It allowed one weaver to spin more than one thread at a time
c) It could be powered by electricity
d) It used water power to spin threads
Answer: b) It allowed one weaver to spin more than one thread at a time
What significant event occurred in 1882 regarding electricity?
a) The first public power station began to generate electricity
b) Thomas Edison patented the lightbulb
c) Telephones became available in households
d) The first electric car was built
Answer: a) The first public power station began to generate electricity
What was Gran Colombia intended to be modeled after?
a) The United States
b) The French Empire
c) The British Monarchy
d) The Haitian Republic
Answer: a) The United States
What infrastructure improvements were made during the Meiji Restoration?
a) Construction of pyramids and temples
b) Creation of railroads and roads
c) Expansion of fishing villages only
d) Importing Chinese architecture
Answer: b) Creation of railroads and roads
Which of the following best defines "natural rights" according to Enlightenment thinking?
a) Privileges given by the king
b) Rules created by the church
c) Rights afforded to individuals simply by being born
d) Laws written by government officials
Answer: c) Rights afforded to individuals simply by being born
What did John Locke believe influenced human intelligence the most?
a) Ancestry and bloodline
b) Education and environment
c) Divine blessing
d) Wealth and social class
Answer: b) Education and environment
What is the main idea behind interchangeable parts?
a) Workers must be highly skilled
b) Machines no longer break down
c) If a part breaks, it can be easily replaced with another identical part
d) Each factory had to make custom parts
Answer: c) If a part breaks, it can be easily replaced with another identical part
What was a major use of oil in the mid-1800s?
a) Fuel for steamships
b) Lighting lamps with kerosene
c) Running water wheels
d) Heating large buildings
Answer: b) Lighting lamps with kerosene
What Enlightenment idea did the Haitian constitution of 1801 reflect?
a) The Divine Right of Kings
b) Economic mercantilism
c) Universal equality and citizenship
d) Separation of church and state
Answer: c) Universal equality and citizenship