Phase Change
Ecosystem
Plate Motion
Rocks
Chemical Reactions
100
A student left a sealed jar of water outside her home. Water can be a solid, liquid, or gas. When she put it outside, the water was a solid. Twelve hours later, the water had changed phase and was a liquid. What happened to the water molecules?
Before the student left, the molecules were moving in place. After, the molecules were moving around each other.
Before the student left, the molecules were moving around each other. After, the molecules were moving away from each other.
Before the student left, the molecules were moving around each other. After, the molecules were moving in place.
Before the student left, the molecules were moving away from each other. After, the molecules were moving around each other.
1. Before the student left, the molecules were moving in place. After, the molecules were moving around each other.
100
What is the main source of energy for every ecosystem?
The sun
100
Name one piece of evidence used to help prove the theory of plate Tectonics.
- Continental Puzzle pieces
- Same fossils on different continents
-Tropical fossils found near the poles
-Matching mountain ranges
100
Georgina is a rock collector. She is looking at some information about two of the rocks she has collected on her travels. The information is as follows: Rock A formed from small pieces of rock, Rock B formed from liquid rock in a different place, Rock A and B formed at about the same time. Are Rocks A and B the same or different types of rock?
The rocks are…
the same type because they both formed from rock material.
the same type because they formed at the same time.
different types because they formed in different ways.
4. different types because they formed in different places
3. different types because they formed in different ways.
100
Which of the following is an example of a chemical change?
Painting a wall 3) Crushing a piece of chalk
Iron rusting 4) Ice melting
2. Iron Rusting
200
Lily is doing a science experiment with a substance in a sealed jar. At first, the substance’s molecules are moving around each other. What will happen to Lily’s substance if she transfers energy into the substance and causes a phase change?
After the phase change, the substance’s molecules will move . . .
faster, and the substance will be a liquid.
slower, and the substance will be a solid.
faster, and the substance will be a gas.
slower, and the substance will be a liquid
3. faster, and the substance will be a gas.
200
Scientists are studying photosynthesis in a forest ecosystem that has plants, animals, and decomposers (which consume dead things). Which group or groups of organisms in the forest carry out photosynthesis?
All organisms
plants and decomposers
Animals and decomposers
Plants
4. Plants
200
Which statement best describes what Earth’s outer layer is like underneath the surface?
Underneath both the soil and the ocean, Earth’s outer layer is made of sand and water.
Underneath both the soil and the ocean, Earth’s outer layer is made of hard, solid rock.
Underneath the soil, Earth’s outer layer is made of hard, solid rock. Underneath the ocean, Earth’s outer layer is made of sand.
Underneath the soil, Earth’s outer layer is made of water.
2. Underneath both the soil and the ocean, Earth’s outer layer is made of hard, solid rock.
200
On the island of Hawaii, Keanu notices that the sand on the beach is black, the same color as the rock formations on the island. Keanu realizes the sand used to be part of the rock formations. How did material from the rock formations turn into sand?
Rays from the sun shone down on the rock, and it broke into pieces.
If anything were left out for a long time, it would break into small pieces.
The sand was formed by earthquakes, tsunamis, and other natural disasters. These disasters were strong enough to break the rock into small pieces.
Wind and rain interacted with the rock, breaking it into small pieces.
4. Wind and rain interacted with the rock, breaking it into small pieces.
200
Why does hot air rise?
Because it’s less dense
Because it’s more dense
Because gravity forces it upwards
Because wind blows it upwards
1. Because its less dense
300
Divers found two substances on the bottom of the ocean. At room temperature, both substances are liquid. Scientists then transferred the same amount of energy out of both substances. When a scientist checked again, Substance 1 had changed phase, but Substance 2 had not. How are Substances 1 and 2 different?
Substance 1 has a . . .
weaker attraction between its molecules than Substance 2. Its molecules now move in place.
weaker attraction between its molecules than Substance 2. Its molecules now move around each other.
stronger attraction between its molecules than Substance 2. Its molecules now move away from each other.
stronger attraction between its molecules than Substance 2. Its molecules now move in place.
4. stronger attraction between its molecules than Substance 2. Its molecules now move in place.
300
Goats are eating grass on a sunny day. What is happening to the carbon in the air around the living things on the mountain? Is carbon moving into the air, moving out of the air, or both?
Carbon is only moving into the air; it is not moving out of the air.
Carbon is moving into the air and out of the air at the same time.
Carbon is not moving into the air; it is only moving out of the air.
With this information, there is no way to know for sure.
2. Carbon is moving into the air and out of the air at the same time.
300
Fossil remains of Lystrosaurus (an extinct four-legged animal) have been discovered in India and South Africa. When they were living, all the Lystrosaurus lived together on land, and they could not swim. However, now there is an ocean between the Lystrosaurus fossils. What could explain how these fossils got so far apart?
India and South Africa are parts of different plates. The plates slowly moved far apart as soft, solid rock from underneath got added to the edges of the plates over millions of years.
India and South Africa are parts of different plates. The plates floated away from each other across the ocean.
India and South Africa are parts of different plates. The plates slowly moved apart as new plates from underneath got added between them over millions of years.
India and South Africa are parts of different plates. The plates were sometimes pushed far apart by earthquakes, and soft, solid rock from underneath got added to the edges of the plates.
1. India and South Africa are parts of different plates. The plates slowly moved far apart as soft, solid rock from underneath got added to the edges of the plates over millions of years.
300
On vacation at a lake, Saira’s mom sees an interesting-looking rock formation. Saira just learned about rocks in geology class and tells her mom that the formation is made of gneiss, a type of metamorphic rock. How did this metamorphic rock form?
Rocks don’t form; they stay as they are.
It broke into sediment and then compacted.
It melted and cooled.
It was heated and put under pressure.
4. It was heated and put under pressure.
300
In the diagram to the left, what kind of change is taking place and why?
A physical change because the molecules are different patterns
A physical change because there are two molecules
A chemical change because the substances are made of different groups and patterns of molecules.
A chemical change because melting is occuring
3. A chemical change because the substances are made of different groups and patterns of molecules.
400
Anh measured the temperature of a pond near his house. Before he left for school, the water in the pond was 18°C. When he came home from school, the temperature of the pond was higher than it was in the morning. What happened to the water molecules while he was at school?
The molecules started moving faster.
The molecules got closer together.
The water lost cold molecules.
The molecules became larger.
2. The molecules got closer together.
400
The sun has been up for several hours, and it has been shining on these trees. What can the trees do because they are in the sunlight? What does this mean for the number of energy storage molecules in the trees? The trees can . . .
give off carbon to the air. Giving off carbon allows them to make energy storage molecules.
give off carbon to the air. Giving off carbon uses up energy storage molecules.
take in carbon from the air. The carbon is used to make energy storage molecules.
take in carbon from the air. The carbon is used to break down energy storage molecules.
3. take in carbon from the air. The carbon is used to make energy storage molecules.
400
Patterns on this map tell us that . . .
volcanic activity and earthquakes can cause damage to buildings and hurt people.
volcanic activity and earthquakes happened in similar areas.
volcanic activity and earthquakes happened in random locations all over the map
volcanic activity and earthquakes happened in the following order: volcanic activity, earthquake, volcanic activity, earthquake, and so on.
2. volcanic activity and earthquakes happened in similar areas.
400
The rock sample is igneous rock, but the student wonders if the material that it formed from was part of a sedimentary rock formation millions of years ago. Could this be correct? Could the material for igneous rock come from sedimentary rock?
Yes, if sedimentary rock is exposed to energy from the sun at Earth’s surface for a long enough time, it can melt into liquid rock and form igneous rock.
Yes, if sedimentary rock is moved below Earth’s outer layer and exposed to energy from Earth’s interior, it can melt into liquid rock and form igneous rock.
No, igneous rock forms under Earth’s outer layer due to energy from Earth’s interior, but sedimentary rock only forms at Earth’s surface.
No, igneous rock can only form from other igneous rock. Sedimentary rock cannot change into igneous rock.
2. Yes, if sedimentary rock is moved below Earth’s outer layer and exposed to energy from Earth’s interior, it can melt into liquid rock and form igneous rock.
400
Balance the following reactions:
__LiCl + Br2 --> ___LiBr + ___Cl2
2LiCl + Br2 --> 2LiBr + Cl2
500
A scientist has a container with a substance inside. At first, the molecules in the substance move away from each other. Later, the molecules move around each other. What change did the scientist observe in the substance?
Before, the substance was a liquid. Later, it was a solid.
Before, the substance was a gas. Later, it was a liquid.
Before, the substance was a liquid. Later, it was a gas.
Before, the substance was a solid. Later, it was a liquid.
2. Before, the substance was a gas. Later, it was a liquid.
500
Explain how two organ systems work together to deliver oxygen to body cells for cellular respiration.
Respiratory brings oxygen into the body and the circulatory system transfers glucose and oxygen around body to all cells.
500
Explain the process of subduction.
Where plates meet and the denser plate sinks under and melts. The upper plate is uplifted.
500
He notices that the rock used to build the walls of the building is a different type than the rock used to build the steps. How could energy have played a role in the different rock types forming?
Energy from different sources leads to different types of rock. Energy inside Earth melts rock into liquid rock, but energy from the sun causes rock to weather into small pieces of rock.
Energy caused one rock type to form, but not the other. Rock that forms because of energy is a different type of rock than rock that forms without energy.
Energy changes rock in different ways, depending on the starting rock type. Energy changes igneous rock into liquid rock and changes sedimentary rock into small pieces of rock.
Energy changes rock on different continents in different ways. Each continent on Earth has different rock that might form liquid rock or small rock pieces when exposed to energy.
1. Energy from different sources leads to different types of rock. Energy inside Earth melts rock into liquid rock, but energy from the sun causes rock to weather into small pieces of rock.
500
Draw a molecule of water
Answer on board