Theory, Model, FOR
According to PEOP, what is the word for when a person's skills and ability (and environment) match the demands of the occupation?
Hint: A person is completely absorbed in the activity and time passes unnoticed
Flow
This model from Japan uses metaphors (such as rocks and driftwood) to represent a client's occupational strengths and dysfunction.
Kawa River Model
Which therapeutic mode is the OTA utilizing when speaking with a patient's nurse care coordinator from the insurance company about getting the patient a shower chair for safe showering at home independently?
Advocating
Understanding your own culture and reflecting on your values, attitudes, and experiences is an example of behavior consistent with this aspect of culturally responsive OT
Awareness
The OTA encourages the client to share about their past experiences and life story so as to encourage the patient to create their future story, which type of clinical reasoning?
Narrative
Environmental Press
This model focuses on improving a client's cognition through occupation based cognitive activities in familiar and unfamiliar environments instead of rote cognitive exercises.
Toglia's dynamic interactional approach
The OTA is demonstrating how to use a sock aide with a client post hip replacement, which therapeutic mode is the OTA utilizing?
Instructing
Learning about how your client's view health, disability, well-being, and their cultural meanings of work, leisure, and occupation are examples of this aspect of culturally responsive OT.
Knowledge
The OTA chart reviews upcoming treatments for the day and sees the first patient of the day is a post op knee replacement patient with an additional diagnosis, Capgras syndrome, that is not familiar to the OTA. The OTA gets on the computer and researches what this is and how it is treated. What type of clinical reasoning is the OTA using?
Procedural
Random fact of the day: Capgras syndrome is a rare mental health disorder where the individual has delusional beliefs that someone close them has been replaced by an identical imposter or several doubles.
According to MOHO the concept that people become the occupations they do, that occupations identify who people are and what they want to be is what?
occupational identity
This holistic model places a heavy emphasis on the client's perceptions and has spirituality at the core of the conceptual model.
Canadian Model of Occupational Performance (CMOP)
If the OTA is assisting a client by doing the parts of the task that are too hard but letting the client do the rest this is referred to as what?
scaffolding
The student OTA approaches an OT practicing in an urban setting that serves a culturally diverse range of patients and asks to shadow the OT to observe them in practice and discusses how to have a welcoming and open therapeutic style, what aspect of culturally responsive OT is the OTA demonstrating?
Skills and competencies
The OTA focuses on finding the best therapeutic use of a self with a challenging client that everyone else on staff has found some reason not see, what type of clinical reasoning is the OTA using?
Interactive Reasoning
Explain the three main subsystems of the Model of Human Occupation and what each subsystem is made up of.
Volition = people are motivated toward and choose what they do. Personal causation: their own beliefs about competence and effectiveness (internal vs external locus of control) Values, Interests
Habituation= People organize their actions into patterns and routines. Habits (learned ways of doing things that happen automatically), Roles (sense of identity and obligations that fit that identity)
Performance Capacity = physical and mental abilities that underlie occupational performance (body functions and structures)
*The premise of MOHO is that these three subsystems interact and influence occupational performance, treatment should be client-specific (impact the volitional system), interventions aimed toward skilled performance are more efficient than those aimed at personal factors, and adaptive patterns and roles need to be formed before changing old or maladaptive roles and patterns.
This model utilizes assessment to place clients within particular cognitive levels to allow for targeted therapy and proper care, the focus is on abilities the client has rather than those they do not have.
Allen Cognitive Levels (Cognitive Disabilities Model)
What is it called when the OTA changes the demands of the occupation so that they align with the person's ability level (e.g. the person has back pain when standing greater than 3 mins so chopping is done seated before client stands at the stove to cook)?
Adaptation
You've accepted a new job and after about a month of working you discover that your site treats a large population of Spanish speaking patients but all of your assessment tools or resources for cognitive skills rehabilitation. Furthermore, you notice that there are no translated signs for wayfinding in your facility, you bring this up to your manager who suggests you submit your ideas for change to the site director, what aspect of culturally responsive OT are you exemplifying?
Practice and application
The OTA is working with a patient who is near discharge from the TCU and has to return to work part-time as a bank teller as well as providing childcare to her 4-year-old granddaughter at her son's home and lives alone in a two-story home, the OTA gathers more information about all these settings to better understand the whole picture, what type of clinical reasoning?
Conditional Reasoning
What are the four sections of PEOP and name 3 subcomponents of the P and E and how could they impact engagement in meaningful occupation?
P = Person: physical health, endurance, flexibility, strength, motor control, all aspects of cognition, sensory functions, psychological (behavioral traits and motivation), spiritual
E= Environment: physical and natural, cultural, social determinants of health, social support, education, policy, assistive tech
O = occupation: Abilities, actions, tasks - clustered occupations = roles* (where dysfunction is usually most evident per PEOP model)
This model's key assumption is that adaptation leads to improved function driven by a press for mastery, the model is client-centered and holistic.
Occupational Adaptation
What is it referred to when the OTA withdraws support as the client develops their skills, this way the task demands increase until the person is independent with the entire task or occupation?
Fading
List 5 things you learned or found helpful from the culture discussion and inquiry in class and how each could be integrated into your own practice as an OTA.
Response is open for discussion
The OTA in a school system is referred to see an adolescent student on the autism spectrum disorder who also has a diagnosis of borderline personality disorder for sensory challenges interfering with school participation. The referral indicates that the patient would benefit from dialectical behavioral therapy (DBT) interventions, however, the OTA is not trained in DBT and recognizes and plans to only utilize sensory-based interventions in the session today. What type of clinical reasoning is the OTA using?
Pragmatic Reasoning