Attachment
Theorists
Concepts
Research and Application
100
What is "attachment" in psychology?
A pattern of emotional bonding that shapes how we connect, regulate emotions, and relate to others in relationships.
100
This theorist conducted maternal-separation, dependency needs, and social isolation experiments on rhesus monkeys.
Harry Harlow
100
What is object permanence?
The idea that even if something is out of sight, it still exists
100
What was the Marshmallow Test intended to study?
How people regulate their behavior in the face of temptation, and what that might predict about future functioning.
200
How many primary attachment styles are commonly discussed?
Four:
1.) secure
2.) anxious
3.) avoidant
4.) disorganized
200
"Ideal self", "real self", "congruence" and "incongruence" are concepts associated with this theorist's humanistic approach to personality development.
Carl Rogers
200
What is the inferiority complex?
Refers to a person’s feelings that they lack worth and don’t measure up to the standards of others or of society.
200
The "Strange Situation" was designed to observe what?
How children respond to separation and reunion with a caregiver
300
True or False: Attachment styles are fixed for life.
False: they can change with awareness and new experiences
300
Which theorist developed reciprocal determinism?
Albert Bandura
300
This is known as a universal version of the personal unconscious, holding mental patterns, or memory traces, which are common to all of us.
The collective unconscious
300
What are the "Big Five" personality factors?
Openness, conscientiousness, extraversion, agreeableness, neuroticism
400
Which attachment style often includes both fear of closeness and fear of abandonment?
Disorganized attachment
400
Who created the "Strange Situation" experiment?
Mary Ainsworth
400
This theory's perspective is that the development of a healthy personality and a sense of competence depend on the successful completion of each task in a given stage.
Psychosocial theory
400
Julian Rotter proposed this cognitive factor refers to our beliefs about the power we have over our lives.
Locus of Control: External and Internal
500
Early attachment patterns are primarily shaped by what?
Caregiver responsiveness and consistency
500
Which theorist developed birth order theory?
Alfred Adler
500
What is "womb envy"?
A psychoanalytic concept proposing that men experience unconscious envy of women’s ability to conceive, carry, and nurse children.
500
Hans and Sybil Eysenck were personality theorists who described two dimensions to account for variations in our personalities. Name the two dimensions they identified.
Extraversion/Introversion and Neuroticism/Stability
600
What skill is most central to building secure attachment?
Emotional regulation (self-soothing)
600
Who is considered the founder of attachment theory?
John Bowlby
600
What is Reciprocal Determinism?
Personality + Environment = Behavior
600
Name two examples of projective personality assessments.
Rorschach Inkblot Test and Thematic Apperception Test (TAT)
700
As a psychiatrist at the Tavistock Clinic, this theorist studied the emotional difficulties of children separated from caregivers during World War II.
John Bowlby
700
This theorist suggested that normal growth can be blocked by basic anxiety stemming from needs not being met, such as childhood experiences of loneliness and/or isolation.
Karen Horney
700
Identify the picture below and name the theorist who developed it:
Hierarchy of Needs, developed by Abraham Maslow
700
Describe the values of a collectivist culture.
Social harmony, respectfulness, and group needs over individual needs.