Chapter 7
Describe an integral membrane protein.
A protein that spans the phospholipid bilayer one or more times.
Does an exergonic reaction have a positive or negative delta G?
negative
During glycolysis, how many molecules of ATP are used and how many of produced?
2 used; 4 produced
What products of the light reactions of photosynthesis are utilized in the Calvin Cycle?
ATP and NADPH
What type of cell division produces daughter cells that are genetically different?
What kinds of molecules pass through a cell membrane most easily?
small and hydrophobic
Is a molecule of glucose and example of kinetic or potential energy?
potential energy
What part of cellular respiration will occur in the absence or presence of oxygen?
glycolysis
Where does the Calvin Cycle take place in a cell?
stroma of the chloroplasts
How is plant cell cytokinesis different from cytokinesis in animal cells?
Plant cells form a cell plate; animal cells form a cleavage furrow.
What will happen to a red blood cell (RBC), which has an internal ion concentration of about 0.9 percent, if it is placed into a beaker of 10% salt solution?
it will shrivel or crenate
What is catabolism?
the cellular process of breaking down large molecules into smaller molecules
citric acid cycle
Where are ATP synthase located at in a plant cell?
thylakoid membrane and inner mitochondrial membrane
When are sister chromatids separated from each other?
mitosis, meiosis I, or meiosis II
mitosis and meiosis II
Turgid
How do enzymes affect chemical reactions?
lower the activation energy
Where does substrate-level phosphorylation occur at in cellular respiration?
glycolysis and citric acid cycle
The final electron acceptor of photosystem I is ______.
NADP
What event occurs in prophase I that accounts for genetic variability in cells produced through meiosis?
crossing over
What process is described as the movement of water across a membrane from areas of lower solute concentration to areas of higher solute concentration.
Osmosis
What molecule is responsible for accepting electrons at the end of the electron transport chain?
oxygen
What are sister chromatids?
identical DNA chromosomes produced during DNA replication