Powell1
Powell2
Hamilton&Biggart
Biggart1
Biggart2
100
These are a poor device for learning and the transfer of technological know how.
What are markets?
100
These are apt for circumstances that require a need for efficient and reliable information.
What are networks?
100
This approach/theoretical perspective is favored in the 1988 article.
What is political economy with a Weberian emphasis?
100
Biggart prefers this theoretical perspective/framework in her 1991 article.
What is an institutional approach?
100
Bruce argues that these were passed on to South Korea and Taiwan.
What are declining sectors in Japan?
200
Someone you have dealt with in the past and found to be reliable is said to be the best source for this.
What is the most useful information?
200
The liabilities of these are exposed when confronted with sharp fluctuations in demand and unanticipated changes.
What are hierarchical forms of economic organization?
200
These elements prevent cultural variables from having clear explanatory force.
What are insufficiently distinguishable variables?
200
The main emphasis of Political Economy according to Biggart.
What is the role of the state in economic development?
200
These differences between South Korea and Taiwan are acknowledged by Bruce Cumings.
What is strong nationalism and resistance to work demands in South Korea compared to weak nationalism and conformity to work demands in Taiwan with economic incentives?
300
Powell identifies these three paramount concerns of participants that motivate exchange networks.
What are reduction of uncertainty, fast access to information and reliability/responsiveness?
300
Powell sees these three factors as critical components of networks.
What are know-how, demand for speed, and trust?
300
Taiwan is dominated by this form of economic organization, has this level of integration and has this relative size of business groupings.
What are family firms? What is a relatively low level of vertical and horizontal integration? What is a relatively small size of business groupings?
300
Bruce Cumings says Taiwan and South Korea are these for the US, these for Japan, and their path developments are directed by these.
What are military projectorates? What are economic vassals? What are larger industrial powers?
300
Biggart describes Political Economists as making these assumptions in their theories.
What is the determinism of all state characteristics by its economy and the determinism of all economic action of firms and decision makers by their social positions within the market place?
400
Powell discusses these reasons for the success of regional economies such as silicon valley or route 128. (List at least 4)
What are blurred boundaries of firms, spatially concentrated production, highly skilled labor pools, spread of technological know-how, and cooperation among firms, schools, government, ect.?
400
Keiretsu succeeded this group after World War 2, are sustained by this type of tie and can be observed in these firms for example.
What is the Zaibatsu? What are loose informal ties? What are Mitsui, Mitsubishi and Sumitomo?
400
According to Hamilton & Biggart, these are "Weberian" causes of organization structures. List four.
What are task requirements, history, situational circumstances, technology, conditions of group membership and class/status compositions of groups?
400
Biggart provides these as the four elements defining an institutional perspective of economic organizations.
What is a conceptualization of economic action as social action, an emphasis on the institutional embeddedness of economic activities, an emphasis on the organizational logics of institutions, and a multilevel explanation of institutions?
400
Biggart lists these limitations of cultural theories.
What is the inability to explain differences with comparative studies, and the inability to explain change across time?
500
These are the strengths of vertically integrated firms while these are the weaknesses that appear in this context.
What are mass production of similar items? What are structural inertia, resistance to innovation, and product differentiation? What is rapid technological change?
500
In his discussion of knowledge, Powell provides these examples of "know-how", characterizes "know-how" as "assets" with these features and describes this form of knowledge as being well-suited for network forms of economic organization.
What are cultural production, scientific research, ect.? What is intangible and highly mobile? What is fungible knowledge that is not limited to specific tasks?
500
These organizational structures and behaviors are theorized to have arisen from the value Japanese culture places on harmony, pronounced "wa". List five.
What is the subordination of individuals to groups, the inclusion of colleagues in business negotiations, the movement of personnel across job assignments in order to promote collective understanding, the promotion of cohorts over individuals, lifetime employment practices, and systems of seniority?
500
Biggart discusses these benefits of Political Economy. List four of them.
What is a focus on the state, a consideration of both material and ideal factors, a sensitivity to the connections between social institutions, and a sophisticated understanding of power?
500
Biggart discusses these limitations of Political Economy. List four of them.
What is an assumption of economic determinism, arguments that suffer from circular and disprovable logic, an over socialized conception of social actors, and the state is usually conceptualized with Western biases.
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