Waste
What is waste?
any unwanted material or substance that results from human activity or process, aka: trash, garbage
What are renewable resources?
replenishable in a human lifetime: biofuels (biomass including wood, bioethanol, and biogas), geothermal energy, hydroelectric dams, tidal energy, wave energy, solar energy, wind energy
What is food security?
When all people, at all times, have physical, social and economic access to sufficient, safe, and nutritious food that meets their dietary needs and food preferences for an active and healthy life.
What is water insecurity?
What is the lack of reliable access to a sufficient quality of safe, affordable, and clean water to sustain livelihoods, human health, and ecosystem stability
What are case studies?
A case study is a research method used to explore complex issues in their natural settings, allowing researchers to understand the broader processes and interactions at work.
What are some impacts of waste disposal methods?
contamination of soil leading to leaching and contamination of ground water
release of toxic substances
bioaccumulation and biomagnification
risk of spread of diseases
visual and noise pollution and unpleasant odor
What is energy security?
Energy security is the reliable availability of energy sources at an affordable price with a consideration of the environmental impacts
What are some advantages of biofuels?
easy to source
renewable
reduce greenhouse gases
reduce dependence on fossil fuels
What are the causes of water insecurity?
Climate change
Natural disasters
Competing demands
inadequate sanitation
What is the World Food Program?
The World Food Program is a humanitarian organization that provides hungry children and families with nutritious meals.
What are some strategies to reduce the impacts of waste disposal?
Food Waste for animal feed
composting and fermentation
reduce, reuse, and recycle
What are the two main dimension of energy security?
What is long-term and short-term energy security
What are some impacts of food insecurity?
regional food scarcity
nutritional deficiency and malnutrition
poverty
forced migration
conflict
famine
death
What is the difference between physical and economic water scarcity?
Physical scarcity is when there is a literal shortage of water in a region
Economic scarcity is when there is enough water in nature, but lacks the financial means or resources to distribute it to the population
What two countries in the case study in the textbook are facing energy security?
Zimbabwe and Germany
What are surface impoundments and what are they used for?
shallow depressions lined with plastic and an impervious material such as clay.
Used for liquid hazard waste which is placed in the pond and water is allowed to evaporate, leaving a residue of solid waste at the bottom.
What are some impacts of energy insecurity?
disrupted electricity supply to homes and industry
increasing prices for energy resources
increasing costs for industry
reliance on imported sources of energy
civil disruption and conflict
How does climate change impact global food security?
Crop failures (wheat, maize, and rice)
Spreading of pests and diseases
High levels of Carbon Dioxide
What percentage of Earth's water is salt water found in oceans?
97%
What security problem was occuring during the COVID-19 pandemic?
Global Food Security
How much waste do U.S industrial facilities generate?
(IN NOTES)
7.6 billion
What are some strategies for managing energy security?
Increasing energy efficiency
Increasing energy production
Reducing reliance on fossil fuels
investing in renewable resources and carbon neutral fuels
rationing
investment in local energy projects
What is the process of clearing additional land for crop production.
Extensification
What is an aquifer?
what is a body of rock or sediment that stores groundwater and allows the flow of groundwater
What is the RCRA ( Resource Conservation and Recovery Act)?
( IN NOTES)
The RCRA sets standards for disposal of hazardous waste. This does nothing to reduce the hazardous material.