Module 1
Name one of the three questions commonly used in ethical debates.
Objective, Subjective, and Normative
What are tactical rule violations?
Strategic, agreed-upon rule breaking
Define Hard and Soft Paternalism
Restricting the freedom of someone who may be deemed competent
Restricting the freedom of someone who may be deemed incompetent
What is a bio-amazon?
Genetically modified female athletes who have equitable physical prowess to male athletes
What is a polarized thinker?
Splitting a concept into two separate categories and claiming if something doesn't fit into one category, it has to fit into the other. - It cannot fit into both
This ethical theorist would probably pull the lever in the trolley problem saving the five people.
Utilitarian
Give an example of a constitutive, regulatory, and auxiliary rule in professional basketball
Basketball:
Have to dribble the ball, free-throws after a foul, and time out breaks (or no PED usage)
What does WADA stand for
World Anti-Doping Association
What is romantic racialism?
Members of a majority group projecting their fantasies on a minority/oppressed group
Name two of the four conditions that leads to a failed athletic contest.
Referring errors, bad luck, cheating, and gamesmanship
How would a deontological ethical theorist resolve the trolley problem?
They would not do anything
Give an example of a constitutive and restorative skill used in Basketball
Dribbling
Free throws
Describe the harm principle
Interfering with the freedom of others solely because it may harm them and others
Describe positive discriminiation
Allocating resources to females in male-dominated sports and removing resources from females in female-dominated sports - same for men
Give an example of strong gamesmanship.
Any expedient that does not see the opponent as a mutual challenge
Which type of gamesmanship may be appropriate?
Weak gamesmanship
What is conventionalism
The balance between formalism and the ethos of sport
Was Brown for or against PEDs in sport? Name one of his main points.
Restricting access has caused there to be more danger, hard paternalism in athletes is bad b/cuz it opposes certain values (autonomy), and sport has evolved
What is a tangible scarce benefit of professional sport?
money, sponsors, etc.
Describe the difference between formalism and the ethos of sport.
Formalism- Strictly adhering to the rules
Ethos of sport- Solidarity amongst athletes on what actions are permittable
What is an expedient?
An immoral action
Describe the difference between central and peripheral constitutive rules
Central-Most important, reflecting qualities of complexity, openness, aesthetic richness, and symbolic power
Peripheral- Simple, less open and more rote, aesthetically less interesting, and symbolically sterile
Describe two things that Foddy and Savulescu wish to do in terms of legalizing PEDs
Use the money from testing to fund risk-reduction strategies (aka test the athletes' health and fitness level) and use the money to develop safer drug (PED) options for athletes
What did Giordano and Harris call Tam and Tan in regards to their beliefs on women?
Male Chauvinists
What type of equality do Gio and Har believe we should focus on?
Equal concern and respect