Types of Data
the two main categories of data?
qualitative and quantitative
What is the most commonly used measure of central tendency?
Mean
What is the probability of flipping a fair coin and getting heads?
0.5 or 50%.
Name a type of graph used to represent categorical data
Bar graph
What does the term "statistically significant" mean in hypothesis testing?
The result is unlikely to have occurred by chance
Give an example of qualitative data
Colors, emotions, opinions, etc.
Describe what the median represents in a dataset
The middle value when the data is arranged in ascending order
Define "mutually exclusive events" in probability.
Events that cannot occur simultaneously.
Explain the purpose of a bar graph.
Comparing different categories or groups
What does ANOVA stand for
Analysis of Variance
the difference between ordinal and nominal data
Ordinal data represents categories with a meaningful order or ranking, where nominal data represents categories without any inherent order or ranking
If a dataset has outliers, which measure of central tendency is more reliable: mean or median?
Median
If you roll a fair six-sided die, what is the probability of getting a number greater than 4?
2/6 or 1/3
Describe how a line graph is used in data analysis
Showing trends or changes over time
Describe the purpose of a t-test
To determine if there is a significant difference between means of two groups
What type of data is obtained by counting and doesn't have decimal places?
discrete data
Explain the term "mode" in statistics.
the most frequently occurring value in a dataset
Explain what the probability of an event not occurring is called
Complement probability
How is a scatter plot used to illustrate the relationship between variables?
indicates patterns or correlations between the variables
Explain the difference between correlation and causation
Correlation shows a relationship while causation implies one variable causes the change in another
Define continuous data
Continuous data can take any value within a range
In a positively skewed distribution, how do the mean, median, and mode relate to each other?
Mean > Median > Mode.
If you toss a fair coin three times, what is the probability of getting heads on all three tosses?
1/8 or 12.5%
What is the percentage of the total sales represented by a $500 bar in a graph where the combined sales of all bars amount to $2500
20%
Define the null hypothesis
Null hypothesis assumes no effect or no difference