It Can Tip You Off Balance
A cerebellar lesion causes (ipsilateral/contralateral) deficits.
What is ipsilateral?
Errors in motor planning for speech vs. errors in neuromuscular production of speech.
What are apraxia vs. dysarthria?
An example of a disease with an autosomal dominant pattern of inheritance that affects the basal ganglia, resulting in dyskinesia.
What is Huntington's chorea?
An ischemic stroke can result from a/an ____ (gradual blockage of an artery) or from a/an ____ (a piece of plaque or a blood clot moving through the artery).
What are thrombus and embolus?
The small structure in the central core of the brain that mediates all sensory impulses.
What is the thalamus?
Discoordinated movements associated with cerebellar damage. Can affect gait and speech.
What is ataxia?
Processes by which gametes are formed and the process by which embryonic cells multiply.
What are meiosis and mitosis?
The artery (side and name) that is most likely to be the source of the lesion in a patient with prefrontal cognitive and personality deficits and hemiparesis of the left foot and leg.
After being received by our sense organs, sensory information travels to the thalamus and then to the ____ _____ cortices. From there, the information is interpreted by the ____ ____ cortices and then decisions are made and information is acted upon by the _____ _____ cortices
What are the primary sensory, unimodal association, and heteromodal association cortices?
Disruptions in closure of this result early in embryonic development (around day 22) in spina bifida or anencephaly.
What is the neural tube?
Collateral blood flow that allows for parts of the brain to be perfused if there is loss of blood flow in the primary pathway. The Circle of Willis is one of the primary routes for this.
What is anastomosis?
Visual information from the right visual fields of both eyes are merged together at this point in the visual system before being sent back to the left occipital cortex.
What is the optic chiasm?
The visual system, along with the ____ branch of the ____ cranial nerve, and the _____ (part of the brain) all work together to help maintain our equilibrium.
What are the vestibular branch, the vestibulocochlear nerve, and the cerebellum?
The fan-shaped structure of projection fibers that transmit motor impulses from the cortex.
What is the corona radiata?
A missing chromosome vs. an extra chromosome, caused by errors in meiosis.
What are monosomy vs. trisomy?
The arteries that perfuse the deep structures of the brain, including the diencephalon, choroid plexus, midbrain, etc
.
What are the central arteries?
The thalamic nuclei responsible for transmitting visual vs. auditory information.
What are the lateral geniculate body and the medial geniculate body?
The number of chromosomes in each somatic cell vs. each gamete.
What are 46 (diploid) vs. 23 (haploid)?
The artery that is most likely to be involved in a patient with cortical blindness.