Ecology
What is a habitat?
A habitat provides shelter and food for animals
What is a cell?
A cell is the basic unit of life. All living things are made up of one or more cells.
What is a gene?
A gene is a part of DNA that controls a trait.
What is evolution?
Change in a species over time.
What are producers and consumers in an ecosystem?
A producer makes their own food whilst a consumer eats other organisms
What is the difference between a plant cell and an animal cell?
Plant cells have a cell wall and chloroplasts; animal cells don’t
What is heredity?
The passing of traits from parents to offspring.
Who is known as the father of evolution?
Charles Darwin.
How does energy flow through a food chain?
The energy from the sun flows to the producers, then to the primary consumers, and so on and so forth. But some energy is also lost as heat.
What does the nucleus do in a cell?
It controls the cell and holds DNA.
What is the difference between dominant and recessive traits?
Dominant traits show up if present; recessive traits only show if both genes are recessive.
What is natural selection?
The process where the best-adapted organisms survive and reproduce.
What might happen to an ecosystem if a top predator is removed?
If the top predator is removed from a ecosystem, all of its prey would over populate due to the fact that the main predator is not there to kill them.
How do the mitochondria and chloroplasts differ in function?
Mitochondria make energy; chloroplasts make food from sunlight.
What do the terms homozygous and heterozygous mean?
Homozygous = two same alleles (AA or aa)
Heterozygous = two different alleles (Aa)
Why do species change over time?
Because of mutations and environmental changes.
Explain how biotic and abiotic factors interact to affect population sizes in an ecosystem.
Biotic factors (living things like predators, food, or disease) and abiotic factors (nonliving things like temperature, water, and sunlight) both influence population sizes.
Explain how cells, tissues, organs, and organ systems are related.
Cells → tissues → organs → organ systems.
What is a Punnett square used for?
To predict possible traits of offspring.
How do fossils support the theory of evolution?
They show how species have changed over time.