ADHD
True or False: Weight gain is a common side effect of Methylphenidate
False, weight loss is a common side effect
True or False: A nursing intervention for the child with Autism Spectrum Disorder is limiting self-stimulating and ritualistic behaviors
true. provide alternate play activities to limit stimming and ritualistic behaviors
True or False: Alzheimer's is the most common major neurocognitive disorder (NCD)
true
memory loss
amnesia
True or False: Most patient with a diagnosis of bulimia nervosa have a normal or overweight BMI (18.5-30)
true
true or false: the CIWA is an evidence-based tool to identify the severity of alcohol (or benzodiazapine) withdrawl based on criteria such as tremors, sweating, pupil dilation, nausea, and hallucinations
False: the CIWA is an evidence-based tool to identify the severity of alcohol (or benzodiazapine) withdrawl based on criteria such as tremors, sweating, nausea, and hallucinations but NOT pupil dilation
Patient teaching for Methylphenidate (Ritalin) includes all of the following except:
a.Avoid caffeine while taking this drug
b. Do not administer the drug after 4pm
c. This drug works by lowering norepinephrine
d. Dry mouth is a common side effect
e. Addiction can occur
c. This drug works by lowering norepinephrine
Methyphenidate is a stimulant that increases dopamine and norepinephrine
Which child/adolescent disorder is characterized by innattention, impulsivity, & hyperactivity
ADHD
What is a major difference between delirium and dementia
delirium is acute and reversible. dementia is chronic, with a gradual onset and is progressive
loss of the ability to express and/or comprehend language
aphasia
This eating disorder has clinical manifestations including bruises on the hard and soft palate, and dental caries
Bulimia Nervosa
What is the name of the evidence based tool used to assess for severity of opiate withdrawal?
COWS Clinical Opiate/Opioid Withdrawl Scale
Name 2 of the 3 characteristic features of ADHD
impulsivity
innattention
hyperactivity
(Likely genetic) neurodevelopmental disorder with manifestations such as delayed language development, poor eye-contact, repetitive actions (spinning a toy, flapping hands), sensory-processing issues, and rigid observance of routines. More common in boys; can affect ability to function minimally or profoundly.
Autism spectrum disorder
The mechanism of action of the dementia medications donepazil, rivastigmine, and galantamine is to increase which neurotransmitter
acetylcholine
difficulty remembering names or words
anomia
The nurse would anticipate the provider to prescribe a drug from which class of medications to the patient with anorexia nervosa
SSRI
A client with a long history of alcohol use disorder is showing signs of cognitive deficits. What drug would the nurse recognize as appropriate in assisting this client in achieving abstinence from alcohol?
1. Disulfiram (Antabuse).
2. Naltrexone (ReVia).
3. Lorazepam (Ativan).
4. Methadone (Dolophine).
2. Naltrexone (ReVia) is an opiate antagonist that can decrease some of the reinforcing effects of alcohol and decrease cravings. This would be an appropriate drug to assist the client with alcohol recovery.
To be diagnosed with ADHD, behaviors must be present in two or more settings and must manifest before what age?
12
Children/adolescents with this disorder have a persistent pattern of violating the rights of others and behaviors may include aggression to people and animals, property destruction, serious theft, serious and continual violation of rules and laws. After age 18 if behaviors persist, may be dx with anti-social personality disorder
Conduct disorder
A client diagnosed with NCD due to Alzheimer’s disease was admitted 72 hours ago. The client states, “Last night I went on a wonderful dinner cruise.” This is which type of communication, and what is the underlying reason for its use?
1. The client is using confabulation to achieve secondary gains.
2. The client is using confabulation to protect the ego.
3. The client is using perseveration to divert attention.
4. The client is using perseveration to maintain self-esteem.
2. The client is using confabulation to protect the ego. Clients diagnosed with NCD due to Alzheimer’s disease use confabulation to create imaginary events to fill in memory gaps. This “hiding” is actually a form of denial, which is a protective ego defense mechanism used to maintain self-esteemand avoid losing one’s place in the world.
inability to carry out voluntary motor functions
apraxia
A client on an in-patient psychiatric unit has been diagnosed with bulimia nervosa. The client states, “I’m going to the bathroom and will be back in a few minutes.” Which nursing response is most appropriate?
1. “Thanks for checking in.”
2. “I will accompany you to the bathroom.”
3. “Let me know when you get back to the dayroom.”
4. “I’ll stand outside your door to give you privacy.”
The response “I will accompany you to
the bathroom” is appropriate. Any client suspected of self-induced vomiting should be accompanied to the bathroom for the nurse to be able to deter this behavior.
The response “I’ll stand outside your door to give you privacy” does not address the nurse’s
responsibility to deter the client’s self-induced vomiting behavior. The nurse should accompany the client to the bathroom. Providing privacy is secondary to preventing further nutritional deficits.
A client with a long history of alcohol use disorder has been diagnosed with
Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome. With which member of the mental health-care team would the nurse collaborate to meet this client’s described need?
1. The psychiatrist to obtain an order for neurocognitive disorder medications.
2. The psychologist to set up counseling sessions to explore stressors.
3. The dietitian to help the client increase consumption of thiamine-rich foods.
4. The social worker to plan transportation to Alcoholics Anonymous (AA).
3. The dietitian to help the client increase consumption of thiamine-rich foods. Thiamine deficiency is the cause of Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome.
This non-stimulant ADHD medication blocks the reuptake of norepinephrine and is usually well tolerated with few side effects, however a rare but serious side effect is hepatotoxicity
atomoxetine (Strattera)
This disorder is characterized by negativity, stubborness, defiance, limit testing and unwillingness to compromise. Behaviors are usually limited to home setting and directed at person they know best and are comfortable with. May progress to conduct disorder.
ODD Oppostional defiant Disorder
This is a defense mechanism used by those with neurocognitive disorder, where the person makes up stories or details when answering questions. It can seem like lying but it is an adaptive response used to preserve self-esteem.
confabulation
inability to recognize familiar objects
agnosia
the potentially fatal complication that can occur when fluids, electrolytes and carbohydrates are introduced to a severely malnourished person
refeeding syndrome
Name the two drugs that are used for overdose reversal of 1. opiates, 2. benzodiazapines
1. naloxone (Narcan)
2. Flumazenil