Parameters
Theories
Pain
Contraindications
Physiological Effects
100
27.12MHz; 80-120W; 104-114 degrees F; 3-30mnutes; inductive drum parallel to body part with towel; capacitive with plates parallel and 2.5-7.5cm away from body
What are the parameters for continuous SWD?
100
The intensity of radiation varies inversely with the Square of the distance from the source.
What is the Inverse Square Law?
100
Acute, chronic, referred, radiating and deep somatic.
What are the different types of pain?
100
eyes, skin cancer, pulmonary TB, cardiac, kidney, liver disease, systemic lupus, fever
What are the contraindications for UV?
100
absorption of electromagnetic energy, chemical excitation, and photobiological processes, erythema, pigmentation, epidermal hyperplasia, vitamin D synthesis
What are the physiological effects of UV?
200
Near: deep, commonly used, 5-10mm, superficial temp 110 and underskin 118; Far: lower temp, warmup needed, coils red, .5-2mm, superficial 114, deep 107, feels warm
What are the parameters for Infrared?
200
The smaller the angle between the ray and the right angle the greater the absorption.
What is the Cosine Law?
200
Sharp, stabbing, pricking
What are the sensations affiliated with A Delta fibers?
200
impaired circulation, raynaud’s phenomenon, PVD, hypersensitive to cold, skin anesthesia, open wounds, infections, diabetes, arteriosclerosis, previous frostbite, regenerating peripheral nerve, HTN, very old/young
What are the contraindications for cryotherapy?
200
decreased tissue extensibility, pain control, vasoconstriction, decreased nerve conduction, decreased metabolism, decreased bleeding, decreased edema, decreased ms excitability
What are the physiological effects of cryotherapy?
300
MED dosage (4 squares, 120, 60, 30, 30 sec.); E1, E2, E3; First treatment 50% of MED and then 10-40% increase over time; 60-80cm away from body part.
What are the parameters for UV?
300
The body has a natural polarity that is disrupted with injury, causing pain.
What is Becker's Theory?
300
Gate control, Endorphin (Opiate) and Central Biasing.
What are the pain control theories?
300
rash/infection, open wounds, new skin/scar
What are the contraindications for paraffin?
300
cleansing, musculoskeletal, cardiovascular, respiratory, renal, psychological
What are the physiological effects of hydrotherapy?
400
20 minutes and 110-125F
What are the parameters for Fluidotherapy?
400
The current in an electrical circuit is directly proportional to the voltage and inversely proportional to the resistance.
What is Ohm's Law?
400
VAS, McGill, Faces
What are methods of assessing pain?
400
Acute musculoskeletal conditions, impaired circulation, PVD, skin anesthesia, open wounds, hemophilia, bruising, blood clots, cancer, pregnancy, cardiac insufficiency, anticoagulants, superficial metal
What are the contraindications for thermotherapy?
400
increased superficial temp – 115F, increased blood flow x6, increased metabolic rate x4, decreased BP, accelerate biochemical reactions for healing, enhance tissue extensibility, reduction of tissue viscosity
What are the physiological effects of Fluidotherapy?
500
6-8 layers, 2 hours to heat and 30 to reheat, 158-167F water, check skin every 5 minutes, 3-30 min
What are the parameters for MHP?
500
A Beta fibers stimulated can block A Delta and C fibers from reaching the cortex by inhibiting the SG and T cells.
What is the Gate Control Theory?
500
Small-diameter, slow transmission pain fibers.
What are C Fibers?
500
circulatory diseases, dermatitis, acute injury
What are the contraindications for Infrared?
500
increased metabolic rate, increased vascular hydrostatic pressure, increased O2, antibodies, leukocytes supply, increased enzyme activity, increase collagen extensibility, vasodilation, decreased joint stiffness, decreased ms spasm/tone, pain relief, increased metabolic waste, increased capillary permeability
What are the physiological effects of thermotherapy?
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