UV-Vis
This type of spectrophotometer sends an entire spectrum of radiation from a source through the sample.
What is array spectrophotometry?
A type of plasma source in which the energy is supplied by electric currents which are produced by electromagnetic induction.
What is ICP (inductively coupled plasma)?
Type of AAS source that generates light at a very narrow spectral range, precisely matching the absorption lines of the element being analyzed.
What is a hollow-cathode lamp (HCL)?
Generally speaking, in a diffraction grating, more lines means better this.
What is better resolution?
This type of source produces fewer product ions and the spectra provides less chemical info.
What is a soft ion source?
A combination of two lamps is commonly used as a source today. One lamp is deuterium and the other is this.
What is tungsten?
A plasma source that uses a focused laser pulse causing extremely high temperatures, stripping electrons from atoms and creating a plasma.
What is laser-induced plasma?
Introduces a sample by converting to an aerosol, mixes mist w/fuel (acetylene), and sweeping into a flame.
What is Flame atomic absorption spectroscopy (FAAS)?
This molecular characteristic determines if it is Raman active.
What is polarizability?
Soft ionization method used to volatilize high-boiling materials.
What is MALDI?
This detector converts photons into electrical energy, detects and amplifies light signals, and is the detector of choice when the measurement of very low light levels is required.
What is a photomultiplier tube?
In AES, this doubles as the excitation source.
What are plasma atomizers?
To minimize chemical interference, an analyst can chemically modify the matrix, create a series of spiked matrix samples, or do this.
Increase temp of flame
The purpose of a filter is to collect the Raman scattered light (Stokes) and filters out this and Anti Stokes light.
What is Rayleigh light?
Ionization method usually coupled in tandem with LC. Good for proteins, peptides, olgiopeptides.
What is electrospray ionization (EI)?
A type of noise that occurs when unwanted or unintended light interferes with the intended signal in an optical system.
What is stray light noise?
This monochromator uses a grating to disperse light in one direction, combines with a second dispersive element (like a prism or another grating oriented perpendicularly) to further separate the spectrum.
What is an Echelle-type dual-dispersion monochromator?
Because the emission flame is DC in nature, this can be added to modulate the source radiation.
What is a chopper?
Two types of array detectors used in Raman are InGaAs for applications ~1000-1650 nm, and this which is sensitive to ER ~400-1000 nm.
What is a Charge Coupled Device (CCD)?
As ions enter this mass analyzer they oscillate in both the X and Y planes. Can work as either a low mass filter or high mass filter.
What is a quadrupole mass analyzer?
Besides a prism, this monochromator is most often used today.
What is a grating?
A polarizer can be used to correct for this.
What is the Zeeman effect?
Best practice is for the excitation source to shine through the region of the flame with highest abundance of these types of atoms.
What are ground state atoms?
Possible laser sources include, Argon ion, Diode, Frequency-Doubled Argon ion, Neon-Copper, and this.
What is the Nd:YAG laser?
This type of mass spec precisely measures relative abundance of isotopes in sample. Used for geographic, chemical, and biological origins of substances.
What is Isotope Ratio mass spec?