Mitosis/Meiosis
This is the process where a single cell splits into two identical cells
Mitosis
A trait that a gene codes for.
Allele
What do genes code for?
Proteins (or amino acids)
What is the name of the model we use to show evolutionary relationships?
Phylogenetic tree
What is the current unifying theory of biology that explains how all life on Earth arose in its current form.
Evolution
Meiosis
Word that describes when both pairs of chromosomes have the same copy of a trait.
Homozygous (dominant or recessive)
Name all of the bases that make up DNA
Adenine, Thymine, Guanine, Cytosine
Name two ways scientists can determine the evolutionary relationship between two organisms.
Physical traits, Behavioral Traits, Genetics, Amino Acids/Proteins
This is the process where traits become more or less prevalent in a population based on how individuals in a population survive.
Natural Selection
Which of the following is NOT a phase of the cell cycle:
a) G1 phase b) F phase
c) S phase d) G2 phase
B
Codominance.
What molecule takes information from the DNA to the ribosomes for protein synthesis?
mRNA
Name two rules for making a phylogenetic tree
1) Must start at a single point (common ancestor)
2) Can only split off into two branches
3) All species end up at the same point, present day (unless they have gone extinct)
What does each letter in the acronym HIPPO represent?
Habitat Destruction
Invasive Species
Population (human)
Pollution
Overharvesting
This is when chromosomes do not separate during meiosis.
nondisjunction
A trait which is coded for by many genes across the chromosome.
Polygenic traits
The process where the RNA is read and turned into proteins is called....
Translation
How many nucleotide (DNA) bases do you need to read to make an amino acid?
Three (also called a codon)
What are the five fingers of evolution? (how does evolution occur)
Small Populations
Non-random Mating
Mutations
Gene Flow (movement)
Natural Selection
What internal, threadlike structure, moves the chromosomes into place during the process of mitosis and meiosis?
Microtubules
The scientific word for dwarfism in animals such as corgis.
achondroplasia
The molecule that brings amino acids into the ribosome to be added to the amino acid chain is called....
tRNA or transfer RNA
What organism is known as the first to ever adapt to walking on land?
Tiktaalik
In a population we have....
2 Individuals who are homozygous dominant (AA)
2 Individual who is heterozygous (Aa)
1 Individual who is homozygous recessive (aa)
What are the allele frequencies in this population? (Hint: What we did at the end of the card activity)
60% Dominant A
40% Recessive a