People
Sigmund Freud
Austrian neurologist; developed psychoanalytic theory
Personality is thought to be ___
a. short term and easily changed
b. a pattern of short-term characteristics
c. unstable and short term
d. long term, stable and not easily changed
d. long term, stable and not easily changed
Dr. Anastasia believes that major depressive disorder is caused by an over-secretion of cortisol. His view on the cause of major depressive disorder reflects a ___ perspective.
a. psychological
b. supernatural
c. biological
d. diathesis-stress
c. biological
Which of the following best illustrates a compulsion?
a. mentally counting backwards from 1,000
b. persistent fear of germs
c. thoughts of harming a neighbor
d.falsely believing that a spouse has been cheating
a. mentally counting backwards from 1,000
Today, most people with psychological problems are not hospitalized. Typically they are only hospitalized if they ___.
a. have schizophrenia
b. have insurance
c. are an imminent threat to themselves or others
d. require therapy
c. are an imminent threat to themselves and others
Andrew Maslow
American psychologist; proposing hierarchy of human needs in motivating behavior
________ is credited with the first comprehensive theory of personality.
a. Hippocampus
b. Gall
c. Wundt
d. Freud
d. Freud
Clifford falsely believes that the police have planted secret cameras in his home to monitor his every movement. Clifford's belief is an example of ___.
a. a delusion
b. a hallucination
c. tangentiality
d. a negative symptom
a. delusion
Research indicates that the symptoms of OCD ___
a. are similar to the symptoms of panic disorder
b. are triggered by low levels of stress hormones
c. are related to hyperactivity in the orbitofrontal cortex
d. are reduced if people are asked to view photos of stimuli that trigger the symptoms
c. are related to hyperactivity in the orbitofrontal cortex
What is the minimum amount of time addicts should receive treatment if they are to achieve a desired outcome?
a. 3 months
b. 6 months
c. 9 months
d. 12 months
a. 3 months
Carl Rogers
American psychologist; emphasized the potential for good that exists within all people
The idea that people’s ideas about themselves should match their actions is called ________.
a. confluence
b. conscious
c. conscientiousness
d. congruence
d. congruence
Common symptoms of major depressive disorder include all of the following except ___
a. periods of extreme elation and euphoria
b. difficulty concentrating and making decisions
c. loss of interest pr pleasure in usual activities
d. psychomotor agitation and retardation
a. periods of extreme elation and euphoria
Symptoms of PTSD include all of the following except ___
a. intrusive thoughts or memories of a traumatic event
b. avoidance of things that remind one of a traumatic event
c. jumpiness
d. physical complaints that cannot be explained medically
d. physical complaints that cannot be explained medically
When an individual has two or more diagnoses, which often includes a substance-related diagnosis and another psychiatric diagnosis, this is known as ___.
a. bipolar disorder
b. co-morbid disorder
c. codependency
d. bi-morbid disorder
b. co-morbid disorder
Albert Bandura
The way a person reacts to the world, starting when they are very young, including the person’s activity level is known as ________.
a. traits
b. temperament
c. heritability
d. personality
b. temperament
A study based on over 9,000 U.S. residents found that the most prevalent disorder was ___
a. major depressive disorder
c. social anxiety disorder
c. obsessive-compulsive disorder
d. specific phobia
a. major depressive disorder
In which of the following anxiety disorders is the person in a continuous state of excessive, pointless worry and apprehension?
a. panic disorder
b. generalized anxiety disorder
c. agoraphobia
d. social anxiety disorder
b. generalized anxiety disorder
What happens during intake?
a. the therapist gathers specific information to address the client's immediate needs such as the presenting problem, the client's support system, and insurance status. The therapist informs the client about confidentiality, fees and what to expect in a therapy session
b. the therapist guides what happens in the therapy session and designs a detailed approach to resolving each member's presenting problem
c. the therapist meets with a couple to help them see how their individual backgrounds, beliefs and actions are affecting their relationship
d. the therapist examines and discusses with the family the boundaries and structure of the family: For example, who makes the rules, who sleeps in the bed with whom, and how decisions are made
a. the therapist gathers specific information to address the client's immediate needs such as the presenting problem, the client's support system, and insurance status. The therapist informs the client about confidentiality, fees and what to expect in a therapy session
Erik Erikson
modified psychosocial theory; emphasized the social nature of our development rather than its sexual nature
The ego defense mechanism in which a person who is confronted with anxiety returns to a more immature behavioral stage is called ________.
a. repression
b. regression
c. reaction formation
d. rationalization
b. regression
A study of adoptees whose biological mothers had schizophrenia found that the adoptees were most likely to develop schizophrenia ________.
a. if their childhood friends later developed schizophrenia
b. if they abused drugs during adolescence
c. if they were raised in a disturbed adoptive home environment
d. regardless of whether they were raised in a healthy or disturbed home environment
d. regardless of whether they were raised in a healthy or disturbed home environment
Which of the following elevates the risk for developing PTSD?
a. severity of the trauma
b. frequency of the trauma
c. high levels of intelligence
d. social support
a. severity of the trauma
Clay is in a therapy session. The therapist asks him to relax and say whatever comes to his mind at the moment. The therapist is using ___, which is a technique of ___.
a. active listening; client-centered therapy
b. systematic desensitization; behavior therapy
c. transference; psychoanalysis
d. free association; psychoanalysis
b. free association; psychoanalysis