Unit 1
The awareness and understanding of another’s thoughts and emotions
Empathy
to make more severe; to intensify
Exacerbate
expressed without unnecessary words; brief and compact
succinct
frankness or honesty
candor
an incorrect term used to describe or designate something
misnomer
Which type of evidence is not directly stated in a text?
A sufficient evidence
B Valid evidence
C Implicit evidence
D relevant evidence
Implicit evidence - C
200
Read the excerpt from “How Not to Raise a Bully: The Early Roots of Empathy.”
When parents treat other people with compassion, selflessness and a lack of judgment, children copy those behaviors. “Empathy can’t be taught, but it can be caught,” says Gordon.
What rhetorical features are employed in the excerpt?
More than one correct answer.
A The author uses “Roots of Empathy” founder Mary Gordon as an authority, which increases the believability of the information.
B The author uses the rhyming words “taught” and “caught,” which help the audience to remember the important statement made about empathy.
C The author uses “parents” and “children” as the focus of the supporting details, which strengthens the author’s perspective.
D The author uses the words “compassion” and “selflessness,” which have emotionally powerful and positive connotations.
A The author uses “Roots of Empathy” founder Mary Gordon as an authority, which increases the believability of the information.
D The author uses the words “compassion” and “selflessness,” which have emotionally powerful and positive connotations.
Reread the “Gas Shortages Spark Interest in Electric Vehicles” section in “The History of the Electric Car.”
Which excerpts from this section use a cause-and-effect structure?
More than one correct answer.
A Cheap, abundant gasoline and continued improvement in the internal combustion engine hampered demand for alternative fuel vehicles.
B Soaring oil prices and gasoline shortages—peaking with the 1973 Arab Oil Embargo—created a growing interest in lowering the U.S.’s dependence on foreign oil and finding homegrown sources of fuel.
C Around this same time, many big and small automakers began exploring options for alternative fuel vehicles, including electric cars.
D Yet, the vehicles developed and produced in the 1970s still suffered from drawbacks compared to gasoline-powered cars.
A Cheap, abundant gasoline and continued improvement in the internal combustion engine hampered demand for alternative fuel vehicles.
B Soaring oil prices and gasoline shortages—peaking with the 1973 Arab Oil Embargo—created a growing interest in lowering the U.S.’s dependence on foreign oil and finding homegrown sources of fuel.
What figurative language is being used?
My heart swelled with a sea of tears.
Metaphor
Zach took an extended river cruise in Europe over the summer. He will not be able to afford a trip during his fall break.
Which options most effectively revise the passage for cohesion?
More than one correct answer.
A Unless Zach took an extended river cruise in Europe over the summer, he will not be able to afford a trip during his fall break.
B Zach took an extended river cruise in Europe over the summer. As a result, he will not be able to afford a trip during his fall break.
C Because Zach took an extended river cruise in Europe over the summer, he will not be able to afford a trip during his fall break.
D Zach took an extended river cruise in Europe over the summer. Nevertheless, he will not be able to afford a trip during his fall break.
B Zach took an extended river cruise in Europe over the summer. As a result, he will not be able to afford a trip during his fall break.
C Because Zach took an extended river cruise in Europe over the summer, he will not be able to afford a trip during his fall break.
Assume you are writing a summary of the article “Video Games in the Age of Cell Phones.” Which excerpt from the text includes key details about Playdots and Dots that you would want to include?
A The Dots team circulated early versions of the game at Betaworks. They knew they were on to something when people started playing Dots in the middle of the night.
B Among the things Playdots learned from Dots are that a mobile game can be wildly popular without actually being wildly profitable, and that the business side of the mobile-games game is a lot more complicated than it looks.
B Among the things Playdots learned from Dots are that a mobile game can be wildly popular without actually being wildly profitable, and that the business side of the mobile-games game is a lot more complicated than it looks.
Read the excerpt from “The Panic Attack” section of “Among Teens, Sleep Deprivation an Epidemic,” which quotes 16-year-old Chloe Mauvais.
“I have difficulty remembering events of that year, and I think it’s because I didn’t get enough sleep,” she said. “The lack of sleep rendered me emotionally useless. I couldn’t address the stress because I had no coherent thoughts. I couldn’t step back and have perspective. … You could probably talk to any teen and find they reach their breaking point. You’ve pushed yourself so much and not slept enough and you just lose it.”
Chloe uses the words “had no coherent thoughts” in explaining her issues. This means lack of sleep kept her thoughts from being _[blank]_.
Which options best complete the sentence?
Select all that apply.
A reasonable and consistent
B forced and necessary
C frustrating and worrisome
D clear and rational
Reasonable and consistent
clear and rational
What does a book cited source include?
An authors name and page number
You are writing an essay about a novel and want to express that one of the major themes is unrequited love. The paragraph’s first sentence is:
The novel’s theme concerns unrequited love.
Which sentence could you add next to provide a context clue to the meaning of unrequited?
A Despite his feelings for Laila, Noah knows he needs to respect her dreams of studying abroad in Taiwan.
B The beauty and majesty of Taiwan is communicated using vibrant imagery.
C Laila demonstrates her cultural awareness by learning the language and traditions of the Taiwanese people.
D Noah is incredibly supportive of his friends, including Laila.
A Despite his feelings for Laila, Noah knows he needs to respect her dreams of studying abroad in Taiwan.
300
Before accepting any scholarship offers, Sonia researched each town’s options for off-campus-apartments that weren’t too far away.
Which option explains why the use of a hyphen in the sentence is incorrect?
A Hyphens should not be used between a modifier and a noun.
B Hyphens should not be used when a modifying phrase follows a noun.
C Hyphens should not be used for an adverb modifier that uses the -ly form
D Hyphens should not be used in all elements if a series of compounds modifies the same noun.
A Hyphens should not be used between a modifier and a noun.
Hui Yin’s little brother tried to delude her into thinking that he lost his baseball glove, but she knew it was probably in his locker at school.
Which is the best synonym of the word delude as used in this sentence?
A) argue
B) promote
C) deceive
D) aggravate
Deceive - C
Which option best explains how the author’s use of his native language, Tagalog, contributes to the power of the text?
A It conveys that after many years, the author is still connected to his family in the Philippines.
B It shows that even though the author is trying to become a US citizen, he is still proud of his heritage.
C It shows that, because the author is from another country, he feels the need to continue using his first language.
D It conveys that after many years, the author is still connected to his family in the Philippines.
B It shows that even though the author is trying to become a US citizen, he is still proud of his heritage.
Read the two sections of the passage.
1) The halftime performers whirled through a complex series of choreographed moves. 2) Twirling their batons so fast they resembled helicopter blades.
Which option explains why Section 2 is a sentence fragment?
A It does not contain a verb.
B It does not contain a noun.
C It begins with participle verb form and therefore must be linked with an independent clause or main sentence.
D It begins with a coordinating conjunction and therefore must be linked with an independent clause or main sentence.
C It begins with participle verb form and therefore must be linked with an independent clause or main sentence.
The Canary Islands are a popular vacation spot for people from Finland, a chain of seven islands off the coast of Africa.
What is the correct way to write the sentence?
A A popular vacation spot for people from Finland, a chain of seven islands off the coast of Africa are the Canary Islands.
B The Canary Islands are a chain of seven islands off the coast of Africa, a popular vacation spot for people from Finland.
C A popular vacation spot for people from Finland, a chain of seven islands off the coast of Africa are the Canary Islands.
D The Canary Islands, a chain of seven islands off the coast of Africa, are a popular vacation spot for people from Finland.
D The Canary Islands, a chain of seven islands off the coast of Africa, are a popular vacation spot for people from Finland.
I was waiting in line at the department store return counter. I got more and more frustrated. Calls were constantly being taken by the clerk on her cell phone.
Which option shows the best way to revise the passage for clarity and cohesion?
A I was waiting in line at the department store return counter, so I got more and more frustrated. Calls were constantly being taken by the clerk on her cell phone.
B As I waited in line at the department store’s return counter, I became more and more frustrated because the clerk was constantly taking calls on her cell phone.
C I was waiting in line at the department store return counter, and I got more and more frustrated; calls were constantly being taken by the clerk on her cell phone.
D While I waited in line at the department store return counter. I got more and more frustrated; the clerk was constantly taking calls on her cell phone.
B As I waited in line at the department store’s return counter, I became more and more frustrated because the clerk was constantly taking calls on her cell phone.
Which options correctly explain the connection between the idea of court-ordered interception and the idea of encryption as explained in “Going Dark”?
More than one correct answer.
Both are issues that the FBI must deal with often, if not daily.
Both are regulated through the Communications Assistance for Law Enforcement Act.
Both affect the security and privacy of the public.
Both involve marketing pitches by communications companies.
Both are issues that the FBI must deal with often, if not daily.
Both affect the security and privacy of the public.
Instead of our brain being like a little computer that orders the body around, the body-brain relation is a two-way street.
What figurative language is used in the sentence?
More than one correct answer.
simile: “brain … like a little computer”
paradox: “instead of our brain”
metaphor: “body-brain relation is a two-way street”
personification: “computer that orders the body around”
simile: “brain … like a little computer”
metaphor: “body-brain relation is a two-way street”
personification: “computer that orders the body around”
which word shares a root with the word commemorate?
A Ratio and commemorate both come from rat which means "amount".
B Communicate and commemorate both come from comm, which means "common".
C Memory and commemorate both come from memor meaning, meaning "mindful".
D Mortal and commemorate both come from mor, which means "death".
C Memory and commemorate both come from memor meaning, meaning "mindful".
Year-round schooling should be instituted nationwide.
Which option provides an irrelevant counterclaim?
A Costs involved in building upkeep outweigh any benefits.
B Quality teachers are important to student success in school.
C Costs involved in building upkeep outweigh any benefits.
D Whether on a long summer break or a shorter vacation break, students forget information, and review is necessary.
B Quality teachers are important to student success in school.
In which option is the information presented correctly?
A Jenny had to wash the car. And buy groceries, and go to the bank before returning home.
B Jenny had to wash the car, buying groceries, and going to the bank before returning home.
C Jenny had to wash the car, buy groceries, and go to the bank before returning home.
D Jenny had to wash the car, buying groceries, and going to the bank before returning home.
C) Jenny had to wash the car, buy groceries, and go to the bank before returning home.