Catholic Clergy
He was the pope involved in the final break between the church in Rome and the church in Constantinople.
Who is Pope Leo IX?
French reformer who lived in Geneva. He drew up a Church Order for governing churches.
Who was John Calvin?
This body selected, and still selects, the pope
What is the College of Cardinals?
This series of wars began when the Turks began harassing pilgrims in the Holy Land
What are the Crusades?
He wrote The Canterbury Tales.
Who is Geoffrey Chaucer?
He was a Cluny reformer who worked to break the church’s bondage to the German Emperor. He had a big influence in picking his predecessors before he became pope.
Who is Hildebrand?
He came to believe that salvation was by faith alone and condemned the sale of indulgences.
Who is Martin Luther?
This is a certificate of absolution that can be purchased by the penitent for a sum of money to substitute for other forms of penalty.
What is an indulgence?
This was a period of time where there was a pope in Avignon and a pope in Rome.
What is the Great Schism?
In The Canterbury Tales, the characters are on a pilgrimage to pay homage to this martyr.
Who is Thomas Beckett?
His selling of indulgences appalled Martin Luther and spurred Luther to take a stand.
Who is Johann Tetzel?
He was the patriarch of Constantinople who was excommunicated by the pope which precipitated the East-West Schism of the Church.
Who was Michael Cerularius?
This is the practice of having monarchs and nobles appoint bishops.
What is lay investiture?
This was held to reform the Catholic church and clarify doctrine.
What is the Council of Trent?
Henry V was set during this war.
What is the Hundreds' Years War?
He founded an order of traveling preachers. He insisted on absolute poverty. He was devoted to wildlife and would preach to the birds.
Who was St. Francis of Assisi?
English scholar who rejected scholasticism and believed that that church should return to the simplicity and poverty of apostolic times. He spearheaded the first English translation of the Bible.
Who is John Wycliffe?
This was a fraudulent document giving the patriarch of Rome (later the pope) dominion over the western half of the Roman Empire.
What is the Donation of Constantine?
This declaration established Catholicism as the official religion of France and established religious tolerance for Protestants.
What was the Edict of Nantes?
He is Dante's guide through Hell.
Who is Virgil?
The church was at the height of its power during this pope’s tenure.
Who was Pope Innocent III?
Bohemian forerunner of the reformation who was excommunicated and eventually burned at the city gates for preaching against the corruption of the church.
Who was John Hus?
This term means “and from the son” which the Roman Church added to the Nicene Creed causing strife with churches in the East.
What is the Filioque?
This was the period of time when the papacy was in Avignon in modern day France.
What is the Babylonian Captivity?
Dante hangs out with this group of people in Limbo.
What are poets?