Gerunds and infinitives
Do these phrases take an infinitive or a gerund?
- I want
- They stopped
- He avoids
- I want TO EAT
- They stopped EATING
- He avoids EATING
Write the equivalent of these words/phrases in reported speech:
- Today
- Last week
- In this city
- That day
- The previous week / the week before
- In that city
What type of condional sentences are these?
- If there's a lot of shoplifting, prices go up.
- I would call the police if I witnessed a crime.
- I'll call you if I find your missing earring.
- Zero conditional
- Second conditional
- First conditional
Choose the correct option:
- The amount of rubbish that collected / was collected from the sea increased last year.
- Fewer old clothes will be thrown / will thrown away.
- The amount of rubbish that was collected from the sea increased last year.
- Fewer old clothes will be thrown away.
Rewrite the sentences using relative clauses:
- Jane Austen is a classical English writer. She wrote Pride and Prejudice.
- She is the new neighbour. Her children are already adults.
- Jane Austen is a classical English writer who wrote Pride and Prejudice.
- She is the new neighbour whose children are already adults.
Choose the correct option:
- I enjoy training / to train, but I always want winning / to win.
- Throwing / to throw the javelin is one of the sports that it's important to do / doing well in the decathlon.
- I enjoy training, but I always want to win.
- Throwing the javelin is one of the sports that it's important to do well in the decathlon.
Choose the correct option for the reported questions:
- Can I have more time to think? She asked if she could / can have more time to think.
- What's your answer? He asked what her answer is / was.
- What will you say to your teacher? She asked what he would / will say to his teacher.
- She asked if she could have more time to think.
- He asked what her answer was.
- She asked what he would say to his teacher.
First or second conditional?
- If he ____ (be) rich, he _____ (buy) a big house. But he isn´t.
- If he____ (not do) his homework, I ____ (not let) you watch TV.
- If he were rich, he would buy a big house. But he isn't.
- If he doesn't do his homework, I won't let him watch TV.
- This factory makes paper from old clothes. Paper...
- They use a lot of water to make paper. A lot of water...
- This factory makes paper from old clothes. Paper is made from old clothes by this factory.
- They use a lot of water to make paper. A lot of water is used to make paper.
Past simple or present perfect?
- I ___ (see) Jack last night. Oh really. I ___ (not/see) him since June. How is he?
- So, John is your best friend. __ (you/meet) him when you were at university?
- I saw Jack last night. Oh really. I haven't seen him since June. How is he?
- So, John is your best friend. Did you meet him when you were at university?
Complete with the infinitive or the gerund of the verbs given:
- They helped ___ (build) a new hospital in the refugee camp.
- We miss ____ (take) our friends back home.
- They dream of ____ (win) the Champions.
- They helped to build a new hospital in the refugee camp.
- We miss taking our friends back home.
- They dream of winning the Champions.
Complete the reported questions:
- Have you downloaded the new app? Joe asked Sam...
- When do you have dinner? Susan asked Kim...
- Joe asked Sam is if/whether he had downloaded the new app.
- Susan asked Karen when she had dinner.
Rewrite the sentences using "unless":
- If Harry doesn´t phone, we´ll leave without him.
- Sarah will be disappointed if you don´t send her a birthday card.
- Unless Harry phones, we'll leave without him.
- Sarah will be disappointed unless you send her a birthday card.
Transform these present and past sentences into the passive voice:
- Many people read online newspapers nowadays.
- The accident injured two of the passengers.
- Online newspapers are read online nowadays by many people.
- Two of the passengers were injured by the accident.
Complete with a past modal of deduction and speculation: ç
- I’m sure he was exhausted. He worked all day long - He ___ (be) exhausted.
- Possibly, they forgot about the wedding - They ___ (forget) about the wedding.
- He must have been exhausted.
- They may/might have forgotten about the wedding.
What is the difference between...?
- I stopped playing tennis but I miss it.
- I was studying, but I stopped to play tannis. I needed a break.
- stopped playing: finish an activity.
- stop to play: stop in order to do something else.
Complete the reported statements:
- 'We don´t want to watch TV’ - The children told...
- 'They will never go there again’ - Peter said...
- ‘I´m studying now’ - My friend said...
- The children told me (that) they didn't want to watch TV.
- Peter said (that) they would never go there again.
- My friend said (that) he was studying at that moment.
Complete with the appropriate conditional form:
- If I ___ (have) enough money, I would buy a new car.
- If they ___ (come) to the party, they would have had a great time.
- If he ___(miss) his flight, he will have to reschedule his plans.
- If I had enough money, I would buy a new car.
- If they had come to the party, they would have had a great time.
- If he misses his flight, he will have to reschedule his plans.
Transform these sentences with "will" and "be going to" into the passive voice:
- A lot of tourists will visit A Coruña in the summer.
- Scientists are going to study marine pollution.
- A Coruña will be visited in the summer by a lot of tourists.
- Marine pollution is going to be studied by scientists.
Choose the correct option:
- By the end of this year, I’ll be finishing / have finished my course.
- This summer, we’ll be staying / have stayed in the countryside with relatives.
- In ten years’ time, most of my friends won’t be studying / have studied any more.
- By the end of this year, I’ll have finished my course.
- This summer, we’ll be staying in the countryside with relatives.
- In ten years’ time, most of my friends won’t be studying anymore.
Translate the following sentences:
- Me gustaría pasar una semana en Londres.
- No soporto ver películas de amor.
- Tuviste suerte (be lucky) de conseguir tickets para el concierto.
- I would like to spend a week in London.
- I can't stand watching romantic films.
- You were lucky to get the tickets for the match.
Report the following sentences:
- My mother may go to the cinema tomorrow
- 'I will help you choose a new game for your computer’, said Bill
- Does Angela like fashion magazines?
- John said (that) his mother might go to the cinema the following day.
- Bill said (that) he would help me choose a new game for my computer
- I asked if Angela liked fashion magazines
Write the pairs of sentences as one sentence using the third conditional:
- Sam didn't get up early. He was late for school.
- The firemen arrived. They put out the fire.
- If Sam had got up early, he wouldn't have been late for school.
- If the firemen hadn't arrived, they wouldn't have put our the fire.
Change the sentences from the passive voice to the active voice:
- This house was designed by a famous architect.
- Two students will be accused of cheating by the teacher.
- A famous architect designed this house.
- The teacher will accuse two students of cheating.
Past simple or past perfect?
- She ___ (be) angry because her brother ____ (take) her favourite
book without asking.
- When they ____ (finish) the exam, they knew they ____ (do) better
than expected.
- She was angry because her brother had taken her favourite
book without asking.
- When they finished the exam, they knew they had done better
than expected.